Physical activity and all-cause mortality among older Brazilian adults: 11-year follow-up of the Bambuí Health and Aging Study

Abstract

ObjectiveTo investigate the association between physical activity (eg, energy expenditure) and survival over 11 years of follow-up in a large representative community sample of older Brazilian adults with a low level of education. Furthermore, we assessed sex as a potential effect modifier of this association.Materials and methodsA population-based prospective cohort study was conducted on all the ≥60-year-old residents in Bambuí city (Brazil). A total of 1,606 subjects (92.2% of the population) enrolled, and 1,378 (85.8%) were included in this study. Type, frequency, and duration of physical activity were assessed in the baseline survey questionnaire, and the metabolic equivalent task tertiles were estimated. The follow-up time was 11 years (1997–2007), and the end point was mortality. Deaths were reported by next of kin during the annual follow-up interview and ascertained through the Brazilian System of Information on Mortality, Brazilian Ministry of Health. Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals [CIs]) were estimated by Cox proportional-hazard models, and potential confounders were considered.ResultsA statistically significant interaction (P<0.03) was found between sex and energy expenditure. Among older men, increases in levels of physical activity were associated with reduced mortality risk. The hazard ratios were 0.59 (95% CI 0.43–0.81) and 0.47 (95% CI 0.34–0.66) for the second and third tertiles, respectively. Among older women, there was no significant association between physical activity and mortality.ConclusionIt was possible to observe the effect of physical activity in reducing mortality risk, and there was a significant interaction between sex and energy expenditure, which should be considered in the analysis of this association in different populations.

Physical activity and long-term mortality risk in older adults: A prospective population based study (NEDICES)

“…These results confirm previous epidemiological evidence about the protective role of PA in the mortality rates (Brown et al, 2012, Ueshima et al, 2010, Paganini-Hill et al, 2011, Woodcock et al, 2011, Wu et al, 2015, Ramalho et al, 2015), which is basically explained by the preventive effect of PA in neurological disorders and other chronic conditions (“WHO | The world health report, 2002”; Llamas-Velasco et al, 2015). …”

Socioeconomic Position, But Not African Genomic Ancestry, Is Associated With Blood Pressure in the Bambui-Epigen (Brazil) Cohort Study of Aging

“…Physical activity levels were calculated based on the level of oxygen consumed for 25 physical activities in the previous 3 months to quantify energy expenditure in metabolic equivalent tasks. 18 Sedentary individuals were considered to be those whose energy expenditure was <450 metabolic equivalent task minutes per week, which corresponds to at least 150 minutes per week of moderate to vigorous physical activity. 18 Blood fasting cholesterol was determined by using standard enzymatic methods (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany).…”

“…18 Sedentary individuals were considered to be those whose energy expenditure was <450 metabolic equivalent task minutes per week, which corresponds to at least 150 minutes per week of moderate to vigorous physical activity. 18 Blood fasting cholesterol was determined by using standard enzymatic methods (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany). Abdominal obesity was defined by waist circumference using the cut points of >102 cm for men or >88 cm for women.…”

Reliability and Validity of Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire in Turkish Population: Evaluation of Psychometric Properties

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