Phylogeography of the greater horseshoe bat,<i>Rhinolophus ferrumequinum</i>: contrasting results from mitochondrial and microsatellite data

Flanders, Jon; Jones, Gareth; Benda, Petr; Dietz, Christian; Zhang, Shuyi; Li, Gang; Sharifi, Mozafar; Rossiter, Stephen J.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-294x.2008.04021.x

Cited by 122 publications

(168 citation statements)

References 63 publications

(66 reference statements)

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“…All analyses of nuclear markers identified three UK populations: eastern England, western England and the IOW. This pattern of stronger genetic structure in England than on the continent had previously been reported in another bat (Flanders et al, 2009). The drivers for this relatively strong structuring are unknown, but the United Kingdom represents the most northern limit of many bat species, including E. serotinus, and this could affect individual behaviour (for example, dispersal) and population dynamics, and influence genetic structure.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…Historical events, like the post-glacial recolonisation of Europe, influence the partitioning of genetic variation for some bats (Flanders et al, 2009), and the significantly differentiated eastern and western continental clusters we detected at the mitochondrial level could be due to post-glacial recolonisation from separate refugia, with the low structure in the nuclear markers reflecting high contemporary gene flow. In addition, lower mitochondrial diversity was found in England compared with mainland Europe, which, together with a unimodal mismatch distribution, could indicate past population bottlenecks before rapid population expansion in the United Kingdom.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Substantial variation in genetic structuring has been found, reflecting differences in bat movement, behaviour, mating and social systems (Burland and Wilmer, 2001;Moussy et al, 2013). In addition, molecular approaches have been used to assess many aspects of bat ecology including potential sex-biased dispersal and movements (Petit et al, 2001), mating systems (Furmankiewicz and Altringham, 2007), effect of landscape barriers (García-Mudarra et al, 2009), demography and history (Flanders et al, 2009) and sociality (Metheny et al, 2007). Gaining an understanding of these components of bat ecology and behaviour is fundamental in a conservation context (Racey and Entwistle, 2003), to improve our understanding of ecosystem services (Kunz et al, 2011) and in disease epidemiology because bats are now thought to be the wildlife reservoirs for a range of important zoonoses and emerging diseases (Kuzmin et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Population genetic structure of serotine bats (Eptesicus serotinus) across Europe and implications for the potential spread of bat rabies (European bat lyssavirus EBLV-1)

et al. 2015

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Understanding of the movements of species at multiple scales is essential to appreciate patterns of population connectivity and in some cases, the potential for pathogen transmission. The serotine bat (Eptesicus serotinus) is a common and widely distributed species in Europe where it frequently harbours European bat lyssavirus type 1 (EBLV-1), a virus causing rabies and transmissible to humans. In the United Kingdom, it is rare, with a distribution restricted to south of the country and so far the virus has never been found there. We investigated the genetic structure and gene flow of E. serotinus across the England and continental Europe. Greater genetic structuring was found in England compared with continental Europe. Nuclear data suggest a single population on the continent, although further work with more intensive sampling is required to confirm this, while mitochondrial sequences indicate an east-west substructure. In contrast, three distinct populations were found in England using microsatellite markers, and mitochondrial diversity was very low. Evidence of nuclear admixture indicated strong male-mediated gene flow among populations. Differences in connectivity could contribute to the high viral prevalence on the continent in contrast with the United Kingdom. Although the English Channel was previously thought to restrict gene flow, our data indicate relatively frequent movement from the continent to England highlighting the potential for movement of EBLV-1 into the United Kingdom.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Population genetic structure of serotine bats (Eptesicus serotinus) across Europe and implications for the potential spread of bat rabies (European bat lyssavirus EBLV-1)

et al. 2015

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“…Considering that there are more than 60 different horseshoe species around the world (Flanders et al, 2009;Rossiter et al, 2007), it is possible that one or some of them may serve as the natural reservoir of SARSCoV and/or its progenitor virus(es). In addition, the fact that an ACE2 protein from a megabat, the fruit bat Rousettus leschenaultii, can function as a receptor for SARS-CoV would suggest that the host range for SARSCoV or SL-CoVs may be much wider than originally thought.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of key amino acid residues required for horseshoe bat angiotensin-I converting enzyme 2 to function as a receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus

Tachedjian

Crameri

et al. 2010

Journal of General Virology

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Angiotensin-I converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus (SARS-CoV). A previous study indicated that ACE2 from a horseshoe bat, the host of a highly related SARS-like coronavirus, could not function as a receptor for SARSCoV. Here, we demonstrate that a 3 aa change from SHE (aa 40-42) to FYQ was sufficient to convert the bat ACE2 into a fully functional receptor for SARS-CoV. We further demonstrate that an ACE2 molecule from a fruit bat, which contains the FYQ motif, was able to support SARS-CoV infection, indicating a potentially much wider host range for SARS-CoV-related viruses among different bat populations.Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) represents one of the most severe epidemic infections of the 21st century, exacerbated by the fact that the causative agent was totally unknown at the time of the outbreaks Peiris et al., 2004). Since the discovery of the SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) as the aetiological agent of the disease (Drosten et al., 2003;Ksiazek et al., 2003;, there has been tremendous progress made in almost every aspect of SARS-related research. One of the more significant achievements was the identification of the angiotensin-I converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as the cellular receptor for SARS-CoV . This discovery opened up new opportunities in the search for novel antiviral drugs as part of the overall countermeasure strategy to aid in the control of any future outbreaks (Han et al., 2006;Kuhn et al., 2007).In comparison, the progress in elucidating the origin of SARS-CoV was relatively slow and less straightforward. Although it was recognized very early during the outbreaks that SARS-CoV was most probably a virus of animal origin and that the virus entered the human population as a result of a spillover event(s), the exact reservoir species of the SARS-CoV and the path of the spillover event remain unknown Normile & Enserink, 2003;Wang & Eaton, 2007;Wang et al., 2006). However, it is well established that Himalayan palm civets (Paguma larvata) played a key role as an intermediate adapting/ amplifying host for the introduction of SARS-CoV into the human population Wang et al., 2006).The search for the origin of SARS-CoV was boosted when genetically similar SARS-like coronaviruses (SL-CoVs) were discovered in horseshoe bats in the genus Rhinolophus by two independent groups in Hong Kong and mainland China (Lau et al., 2005;Li et al., 2005b). SLCoVs and SARS-CoVs share identical genome organization and very high sequence identities. However, a closer examination revealed that the N-terminal region of the spike protein (S), known to be responsible for receptor binding in CoVs, displayed major sequence differences between the two groups of viruses (Li et al., 2005b). It was later shown that the S protein of the SL-CoV isolated from the horseshoe bat Rhinolophus pearsonii was unable to use the ACE2 molecule, either from human or R. pearsonii, as the entry receptor. The cellular molecule(s) that functions as the receptor for SL-CoVs is still ...

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“…Using mitochondrial DNA, east-west splits have been documented for a variety of vertebrates including bats (Flanders et al 2009), and several avian species (e.g. Eurasian magpie (Pica pica; Kryukov et al 2004), rook (Corvus frugilegus; Haring et al 2007), and red-breasted flycatcher (Ficedula parva; Zink et al 2008)).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phylogeography of the greater horseshoe bat,Rhinolophus ferrumequinum: contrasting results from mitochondrial and microsatellite data

Cited by 122 publications

References 63 publications

Population genetic structure of serotine bats (Eptesicus serotinus) across Europe and implications for the potential spread of bat rabies (European bat lyssavirus EBLV-1)

Population genetic structure of serotine bats (Eptesicus serotinus) across Europe and implications for the potential spread of bat rabies (European bat lyssavirus EBLV-1)

Identification of key amino acid residues required for horseshoe bat angiotensin-I converting enzyme 2 to function as a receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus

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