Phylogeographic structure of jack pine (<i>Pinus banksiana</i>; Pinaceae) supports the existence of a coastal glacial refugium in northeastern North America

Godbout, Julie; Beaulieu, Jean; Bousquet, Jean

doi:10.3732/ajb.1000148

Cited by 45 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…A key signature of glacial refugia is that they might harbor a number of private alleles or haplotypes (e.g., Anderson et al 2006;Gérardi et al 2010;Godbout et al 2008Godbout et al , 2010. In the present study, although only chlorotype 33 was found endemic to the zone of contact in central and northern British Columbia, its unique and broad presence (Table 1) may imply the existence of a genetically distinct northern refugium.…”

Section: A Possible Northern Refugiummentioning

confidence: 69%

“…In Europe, it was found that the genetically most diverse populations of tree and shrub species were located in the north rather than in the south of the main mountain ranges (Petit et al 2003). Such contrasting patterns of diversity were also observed in North America, where zones of distinct or higher diversity in the north were inferred as footprints of cryptic refugia at high latitudes (Anderson et al 2006;Gérardi et al 2010;Godbout et al 2008Godbout et al , 2010Jaramillo-Correa et al 2004;Provan and Bennett 2008), or secondary contact on once glaciated regions between genetically distinct glacial lineages (Godbout et al 2005(Godbout et al , 2008Jaramillo-Correa et al 2004Naydenov et al 2007;Walter and Epperson 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

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Range-wide chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA imprints reveal multiple lineages and complex biogeographic history for Douglas-fir

Wei

Beaulieu

Khasa

et al. 2011

Tree Genetics & Genomes

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The contemporary genetic structure of species offers key imprints of how organisms responded to past geological and climatic events, which have played a crucial role in shaping the current geographical distribution of north-temperate organisms. In this study, range-wide patterns of genetic variation were examined in Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii), a dominant forest tree species distributed from Mexico to British Columbia in western North America. Two organelle DNA markers with contrasting modes of inheritance were genotyped for 613 individuals from 44 populations. Two mitotypes and 42 chlorotypes were recovered in this survey. Both genomes showed significant population subdivision, indicative of limited gene flow through seeds and pollen. Three distinct cpDNA lineages corresponding to the Pacific Coast, the Rocky Mountains, and Mexico were observed. The split time of the two lineages from the Rockies lineage was dated back to 8.5 million years (Ma). The most recent common ancestors of Mexican and coastal populations were estimated at 3.2 and 4.8 Ma, respectively. The northern populations of once glaciated regions were characterized by a high level of genetic diversity, indicating a large zone of contact between ancestral lineages. A possible northern refugium was also inferred. The Mexican lineage, which appeared established by southward migration from the Rockies lineage, was characterized by the lowest genetic diversity but highest population differentiation. These results suggest that the effects of Quaternary climatic Communicated by S. Aitken Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (oscillations on the population dynamics and genetic diversity of Douglas-fir varied substantially across the latitudinal section. The results emphasize the pressing need for the conservation of Mexican Douglas-fir.

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Section: A Possible Northern Refugiummentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Range-wide chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA imprints reveal multiple lineages and complex biogeographic history for Douglas-fir

Wei

Beaulieu

Khasa

et al. 2011

Tree Genetics & Genomes

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“…(Echt et al 1998;Walter and Epperson 2005) strongly support the existence of genetically distinct glacial populations distant from each other and implicating the emerged banks of the northeastern coast between Newfoundland and New Jersey. Furthermore, since the current eastern hemlock distribution reaches as far west as northeastern Minnesota, and a glacial refugium was observed west of the Appalachian Mountains for jack pine (Godbout et al 2010), black spruce (Jaramillo-Correa et al 2004;Gérardi et al 2010), and Virginia pine (Pinus virginiana P. Mill.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Indeed, genetic discontinuities observed in eastern North America for jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) (Godbout et al 2010), black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) (Jaramillo-Correa et al 2004;Gérardi et al 2010), and red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chloroplast DNA polymorphisms in eastern hemlock: range-wide genogeographic analyses and implications for gene conservation

2011

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The objective of this study was to determine if the genetic diversity of eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière) is uniformly distributed or structured. Such information is relevant to help guide conservation efforts. Individuals were sampled in 60 range-wide populations of T. canadensis and genotyped at seven polymorphic chloroplast DNA loci. All 16 chlorotypes identified in T. canadensis were highly divergent from the unique chlorotype detected in Carolina hemlock (Tsuga caroliniana Engelm.). Among-population differentiation in T. canadensis was low (GST = 0.020) and the distribution of chlorotypes did not show any strong geographical pattern, which is likely due to the homogenizing effect of pollen gene flow during the Holocene. Nevertheless, a spatial Bayesian approach revealed two distinct groups of populations. Furthermore, an analysis of relative genetic distances indicated that southeastern Appalachian populations harboured greater population differentiation while conserving relatively high allelic richness, which might represent the imprint of an ancient glacial refugium in the region. Thus, these distinctive genetic patterns and the risk of Tsuga decline following climate warming combined with the introduction of the insect Adelges tsugae (Annand) indicate that the southern part of the range should be considered of high priority for ex situ conservation.Résumé : Le but de cette étude était de déterminer si la diversité génétique de la pruche du Canada (Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière) était uniforme ou structurée, une information pertinente pour guider les efforts de conservation. Des individus ont été échantillonnés dans 60 populations couvrant l'ensemble de l'aire de distribution de l'espèce et génotypés à sept loci d'ADN chloroplastique polymorphes. Les 16 chlorotypes identifiés chez T. canadensis étaient très divergents de l'unique chlorotype détecté chez la pruche de la Caroline (Tsuga caroliniana Engelm.). La différenciation de populations chez T. canadensis était faible (GST = 0,020) et la distribution des chlorotypes ne montrait pas de patron géographique marqué, probablement en raison de l'homogénéisation par le flux pollinique durant l'Holocène. Néanmoins, une analyse spatiale bayésienne a mis en évidence deux groupes distincts de populations. Aussi, l'analyse des distances génétiques relatives entre populations a révélé que les populations du sud-est des Appalaches étaient fortement différenciées et possédaient une forte richesse allélique, ce qui pourrait représenter l'empreinte d'un ancien refuge glaciaire dans cette région. Ces patrons distinctifs de variation ainsi que les risques élevés d'un déclin de Tsuga résultant du réchauffement climatique et de l'introduction de l'insecte Adelges tsugae (Annand) confèrent donc à la partie sud de l'aire de distribution une forte priorité de conservation ex situ.

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“…The relevant data for these assessment could come from multiple sources, including federal and jurisdictional official risk assessments, such as the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC) species status reports; these contain diverse information, including populationlevel, regeneration capacity, and genetic variation data (COSEWIC 2010). For species without official assessments or designations, sources of information include scientific literature (e.g., Bower and , Godbout et al 2010, the National Forest Information System (CCFM 2010), and NatureServe Canada (2011). Climatic data are available through such sources as the Canadian Institute for Climatic Studies (2007) and the Canadian Centre for Climate Modeling and Analysis (Environment Canada 2010).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of science-based assessments of species vulnerability: Contributions to decision-making for assisted migration

Beardmore

Winder

2011

The Forestry Chronicle

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Assessing climate change impacts on forest species can significantly assist forest management planning. Recently, many tools have been developed for assessing species-specific vulnerability to climate change. These tools are question-based assessments that consider multiple criteria for individual species; the criteria are related to exposure and sensitivity to climate change. The following tools are discussed in relation to their use in Canada: (1) the NatureServe Climate Change Vulnerability Index; (2) the System for Assessing Vulnerability of Species to Climate Change (SAVS); (3) the Forest Tree Genetic Risk Assessment; (4) the Index for Predicting Tree Species Vulnerability; (5) ecological standards developed for the assisted migration of Torreya taxifolia; and (6) the Seeds of Success Program. These tools can all be applied to different forest species and they vary in such areas as their species-specific evaluation criteria, means for addressing uncertainty, and the integration of climate change models.

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Phylogeographic structure of jack pine (Pinus banksiana; Pinaceae) supports the existence of a coastal glacial refugium in northeastern North America

Cited by 45 publications

References 67 publications

Range-wide chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA imprints reveal multiple lineages and complex biogeographic history for Douglas-fir

Range-wide chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA imprints reveal multiple lineages and complex biogeographic history for Douglas-fir

Chloroplast DNA polymorphisms in eastern hemlock: range-wide genogeographic analyses and implications for gene conservation

Review of science-based assessments of species vulnerability: Contributions to decision-making for assisted migration

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