Phylogenetic lineages in the Capnodiales

Crous, Pedro W.; Schoch, Conrad L.; Hyde, Kevin D.; Wood, Alan R.; Gueidan, Cécile; Hoog, G.S. de; Groenewald, Johannes Z.

doi:10.3114/sim.2009.64.02

Cited by 323 publications

(326 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Rachicladosporium species have been isolated from leaf and twig litter in the USA (Cheewangkoon et al 2009;Crous et al 2009), leaf spots on Luculia sp. in New Zealand (Crous et al 2007) and needles of Pinus monophylla in the Netherlands (Crous et al 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is a major difference from sooty mould fungi that colonise only the surface of plants and grow on honeydew from insects (Chomnunti et al 2014;Crous et al 2009;Hughes 1976). Therefore, reference to the black mould on the stems and branches of baobab as "sooty mould" should be avoided.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5f, g) blastocatenate, ellipsoid to fusoid (5-)6-11(-15)  (2-)3-4(-5) µm, 0-1-septate; hila darkened, thickened and slightly refractive, 0.5-1 µm diam. Notes -This species is phylogenetically most closely related to R. americanum and R. cboliae, but R. africanum has smaller terminal conidia and ramoconidia than R. americanum (conidia 10-18× 3-4 μm; ramoconidia 13-23 × 3-4 μm) (Cheewangkoon et al 2009;Crous et al 2009). Furthermore R. africanum also forms chlamydospores whereas these are absent in R. americanum.…”

Section: Etymologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fungi associated with black mould on baobab trees in southern Africa

Cruywagen

Crous

Roux

et al. 2015

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

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There have been numerous reports in the scientific and popular literature suggesting that African baobab (Adansonia digitata) trees are dying, with symptoms including a black mould on their bark. The aim of this study was to determine the identity of the fungi causing this black mould and to consider whether they might be affecting the health of trees. The fungi were identified by sequencing directly from mycelium on the infected tissue as well as from cultures on agar. Sequence data for the ITS region of the rDNA resulted in the identification of four fungi including Aureobasidium pullulans, Toxicocladosporium irritans and a new species of Rachicladosporium described here as Rachicladosporium africanum. A single isolate of an unknown Cladosporium sp. was also found. These fungi, referred to here as black mould, are not true sooty mould fungi and they were shown to penetrate below the bark of infected tissue, causing a distinct host reaction. Although infections can lead to dieback of small twigs on severely infected branches, the mould was not found to kill trees.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Etymologymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Fungi associated with black mould on baobab trees in southern Africa

Cruywagen

Crous

Roux

et al. 2015

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

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“…Early molecular work based on ITS DNA sequencing indicated that Mycosphaerella was monophyletic, although the subsequent introduction of additional loci and more taxa showed it was polyphyletic ( Crous et al, 2009a andCrous et al, 2009c). As a consequence, members of this genus were allocated to different families such as Schizothyriaceae ( Batzer et al 2008), Cladosporiaceae ( Schubert et al, 2007, Dugan et al, 2008, Bensch et al, 2010and Bensch et al, 2012, Dissoconiaceae, Mycosphaerellaceae and Teratosphaeriaceae ( Crous et al, 2009b andLi et al, 2012). From these results it became evident that the mycosphaerella-like morphology had evolved multiple times and a new circumscription of Mycosphaerella was urgently required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The rise of Ramularia from the Mycosphaerella labyrinth

et al. 2015

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Highlights• Ramulariais the correct name for species in Mycosphaerella s. str.• Most species named in Mycosphaerella represent other genera.• Very few Ramularia spp. have confirmed Mycosphaerella sexual morphs.• Ramularia contains both host-specific, and wide host range species. AbstractIn this study we aimed to resolve the Ramularia endophylla species-complex by applying a polyphasic approach involving morphology and multi-gene phylogeny. Eleven partial genes were targeted for amplification and sequencing for a total of 81 isolates representing R. endophylla s. lat. and 32 isolates representing 11 Ramularia species that were previously linked to a Mycosphaerella sexual morph in literature. A Bayesian phylogenetic analysis, as well as a parsimony analysis, was performed on a combined five-locus dataset and the resulting trees showed significant support for three species within the complex, including the previously described R. endophylla and R. vizellae, and one novel species, Ramularia unterseheri. A parsimony analysis was also separately performed with mating-type gene sequences (MAT1-1-1 and MAT1-2-1) and the resulting tree topologies were in accordance with that of the multigene analysis. A bibliographic review of the proposed links between Ramularia spp. and their purported Mycosphaerella sexual morphs is also presented, confirming six connections in Ramularia. In spite of more than 10 000 species having been described in Mycosphaerella, the majority is shown to belong to other genera, suggesting that the taxa identified as Mycosphaerella in much of the plant pathology literature needs to be revisited.

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“…Identifikasi kapang dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan secara morfologi (makroskopis dan mikroskopis) dan molekuler (Crous et al, 2009). Dalam identifikasi secara morfologi, masing-masing koloni yang memiliki warna dan tekstur yang berbeda dipindahkan ke media malt extract agar (MEA) dan czapeks yeast agar (CYA).…”

Section: Identifikasi Kapangunclassified

Isolasi dan Identifikasi Kapang dari Ikan Pindang

Hermana

Kusmarwati

Yennie

2018

JPBKP

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ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis kapang yang diisolasi dari produk ikan pindang. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di enam lokasi, yaitu Jakarta, Bogor, Pelabuhan Ratu, Bandung, Cirebon, dan Semarang. Isolasi kapang dilakukan dengan metode pengenceran bertingkat, sedangkan identifikasi kapang dilakukan secara morfologi dan molekuler berdasarkan data sekuen nukleotida dari daerah ITS rDNA. Sebagai data dukung, terhadap ikan pindang juga dilakukan analisis kadar garam dan nilai aktivitas air (a w ). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kadar garam sampel ikan pindang berkisar antara 1,20-7,78% dengan a w 0,91-0,98. Sebanyak 119 isolat kapang berhasil diisolasi dari 30 sampel ikan pindang. Isolat-isolat tersebut termasuk ke dalam tujuh marga dan 16 spesies yaitu Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, A. ochraceus, A. oryzae, A. sydowii, A. terreus A. fumigatus, A. niger, A. ochraceus, A. oryzae, A. sydowii, A. terreus, Cladosporium allicinum, Eurotium chevalieri, Fusarium graminearum, F. cerealis, Loweporus sp., Penicillium citrinum, P. chermesinum, P. chrysogenum, and Syncephalastrum racemosum. Six species, namely, P. chermesinum (80%), P. citrinum (73%), A. fumigatus (56.6%), A. flavus (53.3%), A. niger (46.7%), and E. chevalieri (26.7%) were determined as dominant species. There was no correlation between fungi species isolated and species of boiled salted fish, a w or salt content. However, lower salt content of boiled salted fish caused high growth of fungi.

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Phylogenetic lineages in the Capnodiales

Cited by 323 publications

References 76 publications

Fungi associated with black mould on baobab trees in southern Africa

Fungi associated with black mould on baobab trees in southern Africa

The rise of Ramularia from the Mycosphaerella labyrinth

Isolasi dan Identifikasi Kapang dari Ikan Pindang

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