Phthalates in German daycare centers: Occurrence in air and dust and the excretion of their metabolites by children (LUPE 3)

Non-phthalate plasticizers in German daycare centers and human biomonitoring of DINCH metabolites in children attending the centers (LUPE 3)

“…This study (LUPE 3) is a sub-project conducted by the health authorities of certain German federal states (Länderuntersuchungsprogramme, LUPE) to characterize the DINCH exposure of vulnerable population sub-sets, assess the health impacts of exposure, and develop strategies to minimize current exposure. These types of results have been previously reported for phthalates and organophosphate flame retardants (Fromme et al, 2013b(Fromme et al, , 2014.…”

“…The sampling and the analyses of indoor air and dust were described in detail by Fromme et al (2013b). In brief, the inhalable dust fraction was collected on a cartridge with a glass fiber filter (37 mm, Macherey-Nagel MN 85/90 BF, Düren, Germany) followed by a polyurethane foam (Sigma-Aldrich Supelco 2060-U, ORBO™ 1000, Steinheim, Germany) as backup sorbent using a GGP sampler (GSA Messgerätebau GmbH, Neuss, Germany) with a constant air flow of 3.5 l/min over approximately 6 hours.…”

Human biomonitoring of phthalate exposure in Austrian children and adults and cumulative risk assessment

“…CDC (Center of Disease Control Prevention), 2014; Frederiksen et al, 2013). Investigations in German children in the same sampling period showed partially higher results compared to children from the Children I group (Fromme et al, 2013b). Urinary levels of MiBP exceeding those of its isomer MnBP have been observed only in recent years and are possibly related to the substitution of DnBP with DiBP (Kasper-Sonnenberg et al, 2014).…”

Airborne particulate endocrine disrupting compounds in China: Compositions, size distributions and seasonal variations of phthalate esters and bisphenol A

“…At the present, around 100 of industrial chemicals are suspected as endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) (Falconer et al, 2006;Rudel and Perovich, 2009). They can emit into the environment and contaminate air, water and soil, attracting much public attention in recent years (Chen et al, 2012;Fromme et al, 2013;Li et al, 2010;Pojana et al, 2007).…”