Phthalates: European regulation, chemistry, pharmacokinetic and related toxicity

Ventrice, Pasquale; Ventrice, Domenica; Russo, Emilio; Sarro, Giovambattista De

doi:10.1016/j.etap.2013.03.014

Cited by 263 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…They are classified as category 1B in the Commission Directive 2007/19/EC (cannot be used to make toys, childcare articles, and cosmetics) and riskreduction measures are required for their safe use. Canada and the United States have also taken regulatory actions restricting their use (5). Furthermore, they pose a particular risk to aquaculture: DBP is used as a solvent in the pesticide formulation of dichlorvos, Aquagard ® (6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotoxicity of sub-lethal di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) / Genotoksičnost subletalne koncentracije di-n-butil ftalata (DBP-a) u nilskoj tilapiji (Oreochromis niloticus)

Benlı

Erkmen

Erkoç

2016

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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This study aimed to assess genotoxicity in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) erythrocytes after exposure to a sub-lethal concentration of 10 mg L -1 di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) for 24 and 96 h. The results showed that mean MN frequencies in both DBP and ethyl methane-sulfonate (EMS, positive control for MN bioassay) groups were significantly different (p<0.01) with respect to control and solvent control groups, in both exposure scenarios. When analysing nuclear abnormalities, the frequency of notched nuclei was significantly different (p<0.05) but the frequencies of other subtypes did not change. The 96-h exposure led to an increase in the mean frequencies of notched nuclei, and also caused significant differences between MN frequencies in all groups (p<0.01). Our findings indicate that sub-lethal DBP concentrations when tested in controlled laboratory conditions have genotoxic potential towards Nile tilapia. Further detailed studies should be done for the determination of the environmental risk assessment for aquatic life since DBP is a high risk contaminant of freshwater and marine ecosystems.

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confidence: 99%

Genotoxicity of sub-lethal di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) / Genotoksičnost subletalne koncentracije di-n-butil ftalata (DBP-a) u nilskoj tilapiji (Oreochromis niloticus)

Benlı

Erkmen

Erkoç

2016

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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“…Environmental factors, including phthalates, also contribute to the disease. The concentrations of phthalate metabolites were much higher in autistic 11-year-olds than in their healthy peers [9].…”

Section: The Influence Of Phthalates On Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ventrice et al [9] observed a correlation between inhalation exposure to phthalates and asthma rates. The results of their study suggest that phthalates, mainly DEHP, can increase the number of inflammatory cells in lungs and bronchial fluid, which can contribute to asthma.…”

Section: The Influence Of Phthalates On Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prevalence of autism in children increased in the past 20 years [9]. The exact causes of the disease have not been fully elucidated.…”

Section: The Influence Of Phthalates On Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In male rodents, phthalates, mainly DEHP, lower testicular weight, decrease sperm production and contribute to the atrophy of seminiferous tubules, which leads to infertility [9]. In rodents, phthalates can cause kidney, thyroid and liver damage and contribute to liver and spleen cancer [7,9].…”

Section: The Influence Of Phthalates On Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental contamination with phthalates and its impact on living organisms

Przybylińska

Wyszkowski

2016

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S

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Abstract:The relevant literature was reviewed to identify phthalate sources in the environment and problems resulting from phthalate contamination of soil and water. Phthalate properties responsible for their toxicity for living organisms were identified, and the effects of phthalates on humans and animals were described. Special emphasis was placed on the effects of exposure to phthalates on human health. Phthalates are readily released into the environment and create a risk of exposure for humans and other living organisms. They are characterized by reproductive toxicity in humans and animals, they can cause infertility and reproductive problems in males. Phthalates are more toxic in young children, which are much more susceptible to phthalate exposure, including fetal life. Phthalates are used in numerous industries, and they are very difficult to eliminate from our daily surroundings.

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Phthalate esters in main source water and drinking water of Zhejiang Province (China): Distribution and health risks

Wang

Lou

Zhang

et al. 2015

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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To evaluate the distributions and health risks of phthalate esters in the main source water and corresponding drinking water of Zhejiang Province, the concentrations of 16 phthalate esters in water samples from 19 sites were measured from samples taken in the dry season and wet season. The concentration of the total phthalate ester congeners in source water ranged from 1.07 μg/L to 7.12 μg/L in the wet season, from 0.01 μg/L to 1.58 μg/L in the dry season, from 1.18 μg/L to 15.28 μg/L from drinking water in the wet season, and from 0.16 μg/L to 1.86 μg/L from drinking water in the dry season. Of the 16 phthalate esters, dimethyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, di-(2-ethyl-hexyl) phthalate, di-iso-butyl phthalate, bis-2-n-butoxyethyl phthalate, and dicyclohexyl phthalate were present in the samples analyzed, dominated by di-iso-butyl phthalate and di-(2-ethyl-hexyl) phthalate. The concentrations of phthalate esters in the wet season were all relatively higher than those in the dry season, and the drinking water had higher concentrations of phthalate esters than source water. The phthalate ester congeners studied pose little health risk to nearby citizens. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;34:2205-2212. © 2015 SETAC.

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Phthalates: European regulation, chemistry, pharmacokinetic and related toxicity

Cited by 263 publications

References 64 publications

Genotoxicity of sub-lethal di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) / Genotoksičnost subletalne koncentracije di-n-butil ftalata (DBP-a) u nilskoj tilapiji (Oreochromis niloticus)

Genotoxicity of sub-lethal di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) / Genotoksičnost subletalne koncentracije di-n-butil ftalata (DBP-a) u nilskoj tilapiji (Oreochromis niloticus)

Environmental contamination with phthalates and its impact on living organisms

Phthalate esters in main source water and drinking water of Zhejiang Province (China): Distribution and health risks

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