Photothermal therapy of melanoma tumor using multiwalled carbon nanotubes

Abstract

Photothermal therapy (PTT) is a therapeutic method in which photon energy is transformed into heat rapidly via different operations to extirpate cancer. Nanoparticles, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have exceptional optical absorbance in visible and near infrared spectra. Therefore, they could be a good converter to induce hyperthermia in PTT technique. In our study, for improving the dispersibility of multiwalled CNTs in water, the CNTs were oxidized (O-CNTs) and then polyethylene glycol (PEG) was used for wrapping the surface of nanotubes. The formation of a thin layer of PEG around the nanotubes was confirmed through Fourier transform infrared, thermogravimetric analysis, and field emission scanning electron microscopy techniques. Results of thermogravimetric analysis showed that the amount of PEG component in the O-CNT-PEG was approximately 80% (w/w). Cell cytotoxicity study showed that O-CNT was less cytotoxic than pristine multiwalled nanotubes, and O-CNT-PEG had the lowest toxicity against HeLa and HepG2 cell lines. The effect of O-CNT-PEG in reduction of melanoma tumor size after PTT was evaluated. Cancerous mice were exposed to a continuous-wave near infrared laser diode (λ=808 nm, P =2 W and I =8 W/cm 2 ) for 10 minutes once in the period of the treatment. The average size of tumor in mice receiving O-CNT-PEG decreased sharply in comparison with those that received laser therapy alone. Results of animal studies indicate that O-CNT-PEG is a powerful candidate for eradicating solid tumors in PTT technique.

Mitochondrial Impairment Induced by Sub-Chronic Exposure to Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

“…With the growing trend in the production and applications of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), the increasing use in composite materials [1] and their exploration as innovative solutions for biomedical applications [2][3][4], there will be a corresponding increase in potential human exposures [5]. Such exposures can cause substantial health issues as a result of the chemical-physical features and biological interactions of CNTs.…”

BSA-assisted synthesis of ultrasmall gallic acid–Fe(III) coordination polymer nanoparticles for cancer theranostics

“…2,3 The development of nanotheranostic agents can be classified into two categories: inorganic and organic. 4 Inorganic nanotheranostic agents, including noble metals, 5,6 semiconductor NPs, 7,8 and carbon materials, [9][10][11] are studied extensively, as they are highly stable and have multifunctional properties. However, inorganic materials do not degrade, and long-term retention in the body limits their clinical use for cancer treatments, 12 since agents must completely clear the body within a reasonable period to receive regulatory approval from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA).…”

Preparation of Poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid)‐Based Composite Microfibers for Postoperative Treatment of Tumor in NIR I and NIR II Biowindows

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nanomaterials, [4][5][6] noble metal-based PTAs, [7] metal-organic framework, [8] conductive polymers, [9,10] MXenes, [11] and 2D transition metal dichalcogenide [11][12][13] have been proposed for photothermally combating cancer. However, their clinical adoption remains a challenge due to the poor biodegradability and the lack of accumulated amount within the tumor site.

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