Photophysical and nonlinear optical properties of zincphthalocyanines with peripheral substitutions

Sterically demanded unsymmetrical zinc phthalocyanines for dye-sensitized solar cells

“…The UV-Visible absorption spectroscopy is a very valuable technique which can be used to study the aggregation phenomena of phthalocyanines in both solution and solid state. As frequently encountered in most phthalocyanines, the shoulder on the high energy side of the Q-band indicates the presence of aggregated species [32,33]. As shown in Figure 2, all three unsymmetrical phthalocyanines have shown a very intense Q-band whereas the band at higher energy side of the Q-band is very low intensity.…”

Low power optical limiting studies on nanocrystalline benzimidazole thin films prepared by modified liquid phase growth technique

“…The obtained open aperture curves are symmetric with respect to focus (Z = 0) where it has minimum transmittance which confirms the nonlinear absorption like RSA. 29 When the transmittance was measured for closed aperture Z-scan, the detector is sensitive to both nonlinear refraction and nonlinear absorption. Therefore, the closed aperture transmittance was divided by corresponding open aperture data to obtain the pure nonlinear refraction.…”

Synthesis, characterization and nonlinear optical properties of silver/PVA nanocomposites

“…After the focal point the negative lens diverge the laser beam and causes decreasing irradiance in the far field pattern. A pre-focus maximum followed by a post-focus minimum indicates that the induced lens in negative [24,25]. Figure 6 shows the picture of the laser beam profile before and after the lens focal point, where the transmittance increase and decrease respectively.…”