“…The current setup employed for the acquisition of TR-STXM images at the PolLux beamline of the SLS (Raabe et al, 2008), schematically shown in Fig. 1 and described in more detail in the work by Puzic et al (2010) and Finizio et al (2018), is based on a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) system, which consists of a 2 GSa s À1 ADC (where Sa means samples) combined with a discriminator for determining whether the APD has detected a photon, followed by a demultiplexer (DEMUX) that sorts the detected photons as counts in a given counter channel dependent on the bunch where the X-ray photon was generated. The APD signal is sampled with a rate of 500 MSa s À1 , with a sampling window of 30-50 ps, centered on the moment when the X-ray pulse illuminates the APD.…”