Photoinduced self-developing relief gratings in thin film chalcogenide As/sub 2/S/sub 3/ glasses

Photo-oxidation of As2Se3, Ag–As2Se3, and Cu–As2Se3 chalcogenide films

“…In general, these changes are accompanied by changes in the optical constants of the material and shifts in the optical band-gap, i.e., photo-darkening or photo-bleaching. For example, the photo-darkening effect is actively utilized to fabricate Bragg gratings and optical waveguides for use in fiber optics and integrated optics [8][9][10]. However, such photo-induced phenomena can be sometimes detrimental for a variety of applications.…”

Surface morphology of as-deposited and illuminated As–Se chalcogenide thin films

“…light induced long-wave shift of the optical absorption edge, which was found to be maximum in the compositions near x = 0.5-0.6 [2]. Besides the optical (amplitude and phase-modulated) relief a geometrical surface relief by one-step recording has been of great basic and applied interest recently [3][4][5].…”

Alternating matter motion in photoinduced mass transport driven and enhanced by light polarization in amorphous chalcogenide films

“…2,3 The very early stage of the SRGs formation by intensity modulated interference patterns ͑where the mass transport is absent͒ has, however, been investigated carefully. [4][5][6][7][8] This stage corresponds to the photoinduced volume change ͑photoex-pansion or photocontraction͒ which is inherent in many compositions of ChG ͑Ref. 9͒ and generates relatively small scalar SRGs ͑Refs.…”