Photochromic Fibers and Fabrics

Parhizkar, Marzieh; Zhao, Yan; Lin, Tong

doi:10.1007/978-981-4451-45-1_7

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Smart textiles are classified into three types: (i) passive smart textiles, which can only sense the environment via sensors; (ii) active smart textiles, which may respond to an external stimulus from the environment by combining an actuator function and a sensor; and (iii) very smart textiles, which can perceive, react, and adjust their behavior in response to the surroundings [3,4]. Smart fibers include [5] (i) shape memory fibers, which can return to their original shape after being deformed by external factors such as pressure and temperature [6]; (ii) photochromic fibers, which are photosensitive fibers that change color under the effect of light [7]; (iii) temperature sensitive fibers, whose characteristics are altered with temperature in a reversible manner [8]; (iv) pH sensitive fibers, which change volume or shape as the pH changes [9]; (v) healthy smart fibers, which safeguard human health by performing antibacterial or deodorant functions, or can be used in health monitoring, personal thermal therapy, and wearable electronics [10].…”

Section: Smart Textilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescence in Smart Textiles

Patti

Acierno²

2023

Encyclopedia

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Fluorescence has been identified as an advantageous feature in smart fabrics, notably for the protection of humans during outdoor athletic activities, as well as for preventing counterfeiting and determining authenticity. Fluorescence in smart fabrics is achieved using dendrimers, rare earth metal compounds, and fluorescent dye. The principal method for producing fluorescent fabrics is to immerse the sample in a solution containing fluorescent agents. However, covalent connections between fluorophores and textile substates should be established to improve the stability and intensity of the fluorescent characteristics. Fabric can be fluorescent throughout, or fluorescent fibers can be woven directly into the textile structures, made of natural (cotton, silk) or synthetic (polyamide- and polyester-based) fibers, into a precise pathway that becomes visible under ultraviolet irradiation.

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Section: Smart Textilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescence in Smart Textiles

Patti

Acierno²

2023

Encyclopedia

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“…The development of photochromic materials with the ability to change color when irradiated by sunlight or UV light and that display high color contrast and fast coloration/bleaching kinetics, at ambient temperature, has been an ongoing challenge. These materials offer promising prospects for the textile industry, with remarkable applications in anticounterfeiting, military camouflage, UV protection, near-infrared (NIR) reflectance, and fashion. , Until now, the search for photochromic textiles has been mostly based on photoresponsive organic molecules (e.g., spiropyrans, naphthopyrans), − and some using hybrid organic–inorganic materials (e.g., naphthopyran- and spirooxazine-functionalized silica nanoparticles). − Inorganic photochromic materials, such as WO 3 and its composites, are promising building blocks for textile applications due to their robustness to high temperatures, cost-effectiveness, and stability upon several cycles of coloration and bleaching. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuning the Photochromic Properties of WO₃-Based Materials toward High-Performance Light-Responsive Textiles

Pacheco

Pinto

Sousa

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Opt. Mater.

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The development of photoresponsive textiles with high color contrast, sunlight response, fast coloration/bleaching, and reversible properties has been a major quest for anticounterfeiting, camouflage, UV protection, and fashion. WO 3 materials are promising building blocks for textile applications, but their application has been limited by their slow color bleaching under ambient conditions and limited sunlight response. Herein, innovative tungsten oxide-based materials with tunable photochromism were produced by a low-cost, single-step, and scalable solvothermal process in the presence of different structuredirecting agents, and the most promising ones were screen-printed on fabrics to produce light-responsive smart textiles. The influence of the structure-directing agent type (polyethylene glycol, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, polyoxyethylene(10) cetyl ether, Pluronic F127, and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)) on the morphology, structure, composition and photochromism of the WO 3 -based materials was assessed, toward enhancing their color contrast and coloration/bleaching rates and endowing a sunlight response. All WO 3 -based materials exhibited UV/sunlight-responsive properties, with the materials prepared with PVP presenting the best performance, featuring 13× faster coloration than that of other WO 3 -based materials reported in the literature (7 min vs 60−90 min) and up to 2× higher total color difference (21.4−50.6 vs 25.2−25.8). These improvements were assigned to their Lindqvist-type hexatungstic acid structure hybridized with PVP, while the remaining materials were composed of WO 3 •H 2 O and WO 3 . The WO 3 _PVP-based materials led to high-performance photoswitchable textiles under sunlight and UV irradiation, changing color from white to blue in 3−7 min and bleaching in 3−7 h. The smart textiles presented fast hydrobleaching, especially the fabric based on WO 3 prepared using PVP with higher molecular weight, which hydrobleached in up to 20 s, surpassing reported works on WO 3modified fibers. This work opens horizons for the design of engineered UV/sunlight-responsive WO 3 -based materials and textiles with hydrobleaching properties through straightforward scalable processes, offering potential prospects for smart clothing and optical sensors.

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“…These dyes differ in terms of photochromic properties, resistance to photodegradation (fatigue resistance), etc., depending on their structures [6]. For example, diarylethenes and fulgides show P-type photochromism, while the other dyes show Ttype photochromism [7]. Spirooxazines have higher fatigue resistance than spiropyrans [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Characteristics in Textile Application of Photochromic Dye Capsules

Morsümbül

Kumbasar

2022

Tekstil Ve Konfeksiyon

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Photochromic dyes which change their color with UV light, are water insoluble and sensitive to the environmental conditions. In order to be able to use these dyes in textile industry, the dyes are encapsulated with a polymer, and then the encapsulated photochromic dyes are applied onto the textile materials. The encapsulated photochromic dyes can show different properties according to the photochromic dye and polymer type, capsule size and the encapsulation method applied. In this study, the performance characteristics of different commercial photochromic dye capsules were investigated after the application onto cotton fabrics by pad-cure process. It was observed that the fabrics still provide UV protection at 50 + UPF level even after 10 washing cycles. The photochromic fabrics lost their color and UV protective properties at most 16% and 4%, respectively after 20 UV on-off cycles.

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Photochromic Fibers and Fabrics

Cited by 7 publications

References 36 publications

Fluorescence in Smart Textiles

Fluorescence in Smart Textiles

Tuning the Photochromic Properties of WO₃-Based Materials toward High-Performance Light-Responsive Textiles

Performance Characteristics in Textile Application of Photochromic Dye Capsules

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Photochromic Fibers and Fabrics

Cited by 7 publications

References 36 publications

Fluorescence in Smart Textiles

Fluorescence in Smart Textiles

Tuning the Photochromic Properties of WO3-Based Materials toward High-Performance Light-Responsive Textiles

Performance Characteristics in Textile Application of Photochromic Dye Capsules

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Tuning the Photochromic Properties of WO₃-Based Materials toward High-Performance Light-Responsive Textiles