Photobiomodulation Therapy Associated with Heterologous Fibrin Biopolymer and Bovine Bone Matrix Helps to Reconstruct Long Bones

Abstract

Bone defects cause aesthetic and functional changes that affect the social, economic and especially the emotional life of human beings. This complication stimulates the scientific community to investigate strategies aimed at improving bone reconstruction processes using complementary therapies. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) and the use of new biomaterials, including heterologous fibrin biopolymer (HFB), are included in this challenge. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of photobiomodulation therapy on bone tibial reconstruction of rats with biomaterial consisting of lyophilized bovine bone matrix (BM) associated or not with heterologous fibrin biopolymer. Thirty male rats were randomly separated into three groups of 10 animals. In all animals, after the anesthetic procedure, a noncritical tibial defect of 2 mm was performed. The groups received the following treatments: Group 1: BM + PBMT, Group 2: BM + HFB and Group 3: BM + HFB + PBMT. The animals from Groups 1 and 3 were submitted to PBMT in the immediate postoperative period and every 48 h until the day of euthanasia that occurred at 14 and 42 days. Analyses by computed microtomography (µCT) and histomorphometry showed statistical difference in the percentage of bone formation between Groups 3 (BM + HB + PBMT) and 2 (BM + HFB) (26.4% ± 1.03% and 20.0% ± 1.87%, respectively) at 14 days and at 42 days (38.2% ± 1.59% and 31.6% ± 1.33%, respectively), and at 42 days there was presence of bone with mature characteristics and organized connective tissue. The µCT demonstrated BM particles filling the defect and the deposition of new bone in the superficial region, especially in the ruptured cortical. It was concluded that the association of PBMT with HFB and BM has the potential to assist in the process of reconstructing bone defects in the tibia of rats.

Photobiomodulation Therapy on the Guided Bone Regeneration Process in Defects Filled by Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Associated with Fibrin Biopolymer

“…Such findings are in line with studies that used FBP for the same purpose, obtaining favorable results in tissue regeneration [ 12 , 46 ]. The proportion of its components and the sequence of manipulation is adjusted according to the purpose of its use, for example, in the repair of nerve injuries [ 47 ], bone [ 14 , 48 , 49 ], venous ulcers [ 50 , 51 ], and stem cells [ 46 , 52 , 53 ].…”

“…Immediately after the surgical procedure, the GBFML animals were submitted to photobiomodulation therapy (Ibramed Laserpulse ® , Amparo, São Paulo, Brazil) until the end of the experiment (Figure 8), 14 and 42 days, using the following protocol, previously used by our group of researchers in pre-clinical experimental studies in tissue engineering [18,25,26,49,57,76] (Table 2): In all applications, the laser beam emissions were calibrated on the device itself and previously tested to certify the dose.…”

In Vivo Biological Behavior of Polymer Scaffolds of Natural Origin in the Bone Repair Process

“…In the radiological analysis, the absence of signs indicating complications in the repair of the defect and in the morphological maintenance of the calvaria, is one of the indications of compatibility of the implanted matrices with the host tissue. Studies using scaffolds have in common the purpose of providing an appropriate microenvironment for cells to migrate and proliferate, differentiating themselves in the new tissue, such as hydrogels [ 23 ], fibrin sealants [ 24 ], bone grafts [ 25 ] and other methods that use biomaterials in regenerative medicine.…”

Osseointegration Improvement of Co-Cr-Mo Alloy Produced by Additive Manufacturing

“…Therefore, development of new materials and techniques is necessary to obtain more durable implants with lower rejection rates [ 2 , 3 ]. Thus, regenerative medicine continues to search for new scaffolds [ 4 , 5 ], artificial organs [ 6 ], biomaterials [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ] and complementary therapies [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ] in order to optimize tissue regeneration [ 18 ]. Among the experimental repair protocols, the use of long bones can be explained by the ease of access and surgical manipulation, as well as similarity with the clinical application in humans, regarding its remodeling, physiological repair of muscle strength and tension, which can also be analyzed in biomechanical tests [ 9 , 14 , 19 , 20 , 21 ].…”