Photobiomodulation Increases Viability in Full‐Thickness Grafts in Rats Submitted to Nicotine

Abstract

Background and Objectives Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy with 830 nm wavelength or 660 wavelength to compare the effects with parameters of 30 mW, 0.028 cm2, 9.34 seconds, and 3.64 J on the total integration of total skin grafts in rats submitted to nicotine. Study Design/Materials and Methods Sixty male Wistar rats were divided in six groups: Sham—skin‐grafting surgery; 830 nm—skin‐grafting followed by 830 nm irradiation; 660 nm—skin grafting followed by 660 nm irradiation; Nicotine—subjected to subcutaneous nicotine injection (2 mg/kg twice a day for 4 weeks), followed by skin grafting; Group Nicotine/830 nm—similar to Group Nicotine, followed by 830 nm irradiation; Group Nicotine/660 nm—similar to Group Nicotine, followed by 660 nm irradiation. The percentage contraction of the grafting tissue was evaluated through ImageJ®. The thickness of the epidermis, inflammatory infiltrates, and the space between the implanted tissue and receptor bed were determined by histology; and the expression of vascular growth factor and blood vessel density (factor VIII) were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Results The PBM at both wavelengths promoted a facilitating effect on the integration of the skin graft under nicotine and had a more significant effect on the thickness of the epidermis and expression of angiogenesis without nicotine at a wavelength of 830 nm. Different wavelengths influence responses related to the viability of cutaneous grafts in rats submitted to nicotine. Conclusions The PBM with 830 nm and 660 nm promoted beneficial results in skin grafts submitted to the deleterious action of nicotine. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Viabilidade do retalho cutâneo randômico dorsal em camundongos submetidos à fotobiomodulação e ultrassom terapêutico

“…Furthermore, PBM helps in angiogenesis, reducing the percentage of tissue necrosis and consequently increasing the viable area [6][7][8][20][21][22][23][24] . The parameters used in G5 coincide with the literature, which indicates the wavelength of 830 nm is more promising in neoangiogenesis and tissue healing 23 when compared to 630 nm.…”

Carob attenuates nicotine‐induced oxidative stress and intratesticular damage in male rats

“…Another parameter we investigated in our study was factor VIII, which is an essential coagulation factor in glycoprotein structure that is synthesised from the vascular endothelium and released into the bloodstream. Factor VIII is an important indicator of vascularisation and provides evaluation of neovascularisation via vascular density analysis (de Souza et al., 2019). In our study, factor VIII levels were significantly higher in the nicotine group than in the control group.…”

“…Factor VIII is a glycoprotein that is synthesised from the vascular endothelium. It plays an essential role in blood clotting cascade and is used as an indicator of vascularisation via vascular density analysis (de Souza et al., 2019). The immunoreactivity of the factor VIII protein in the testicular tissues was determined using the avidin‐biotin‐peroxidase complex (Doganyigit, Okan, Kaymak, Pandir, & Silici, 2020).…”

MicroRNA-182-5p Inhibits Hypertrophic Scar Formation by Inhibiting the Proliferation and Migration of Fibroblasts via SMAD4 Pathway

“…24,25 The thickness of the new epithelium was measured by ImageJ to reflect whether the quality of wound healing was affected by drug intervention. 26 The scar elevation index (SEI) was calculated to quantify the extent of hypertrophic scarring by two pathologists in six different randomly chosen high-power microscopic fields in HE-stained slides. 27 The SEI is defined as the ratio of the length of a perpendicular line on the scar tissue determined from the cartilage on the basis of the top point of the epithelium lining scar surface in micrometers to the perpendicular line determined between the intact ear cartilage and intact surface epithelium.…”