Photobiomodulation in Oral Surgery: A Review

Hosseinpour, Sepanta; Tunér, Jan; Fekrazad, Reza

doi:10.1089/photob.2019.4712

Cited by 28 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy is a term used for exposure of cells or tissues to low‐level laser light or light‐emitting diodes (LEDs), which is absorbed by specific photoreceptors in cells and may cause alteration at a molecular level inside cells without any heat generation leading to biological changes in cell metabolism and function (15). This noninvasive treatment also has medical and periodontal applications to provide pain relief, reduce inflammatory mediators and accelerate the wound healing process (16–18).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Laser Photobiomodulation on Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells

Gholami

Parsamanesh

Shahabi

et al. 2020

Photochem & Photobiology

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Photobiomodulation (PBM) is considered as a noninvasive procedure with the potential of inducing favorable changes in cellular behavior. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of near‐infrared low‐intensity laser PBM on proliferation, viability and osteogenic differentiation of stem cells isolated from human periodontal ligament. A 940‐nm diode laser with an energy density of 4 J cm−2 in a 100‐mW continuous wave was used for irradiation in 3 sessions every 48h. Cell viability was measured 24, 48 and 72 h after irradiation. The effects of laser on mineralized tissue deposition were evaluated by using Alizarin red staining after dividing cells into three groups of nonosteogenic medium (C−), an osteogenic medium without laser (C+), and an osteogenic medium with laser irradiation (L+). Gene expression levels were also evaluated by real‐time PCR. Our results showed no significant difference between MTT levels of the study and control groups. After 14 and 21 days, both L+ and C+ groups showed an increase in mineralized tissue formation compared to the C− group. There was an increase in VEGF and BMP expressions compared to C−. In conclusion, the irradiation setting used in this study may be able to improve mineralized tissue deposition.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Laser Photobiomodulation on Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells

Gholami

Parsamanesh

Shahabi

et al. 2020

Photochem & Photobiology

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“…A previous systematic review of clinical trials revealed that the PBMT could have positive effects on pain after tooth extraction ( 27 ). In our analysis, PBMT showed a statistically significant effect immediately after surgery compared to the control group ( p <0.001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photobiomodulation therapy reduces postoperative pain after third molar extractions: A randomized clinical trial

Isolan

Kinalski²,

Leão³

et al. 2021

Med Oral

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Background To assess the efficacy of PBMT on reducing postoperative pain scores in patients submitted to third molar extractions. Material and Methods A randomized controlled trial (ReBEC:RBR-94BCKZ) was designed according to the SPIRIT and followed the CONSORT. Patients were randomly allocated according to control or PBMT groups. PBMT consisted of the application of GaAlAs laser (808nm;50mW) applied in six points (1.23 min;11 J/cm2) after extraction. Pain scores were assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) in millimeters evaluated after 6 (T6), 24 (T24), and 48 (T48) hours. The Wilcoxon Mann–Whitney test was used to check for possible associations between VAS scores and treatment groups. Results A total of 101 third molar extractions were performed in 44 patients. The mean age was 28 years old(SD±11.54). Comparing control and intervention, PBMT group showed a significant effect on the reduction of postoperative pain at T6(mean VAS=0.9; C.I:0.63–1.16) compared to control (mean VAS=2.5;C.I:2.1–2.88)( p <0.001). The same statistically significant effect on the reduction of postoperative pain was observed at T24 (PBMT mean VAS=0.72;C.I:0.51–0.93; control mean VAS=2.86;C.I:2.40–3.31; p <0.001) and T48 (PBMT mean VAS=0.64;C.I:0.36–0.92; control mean VAS=2.86;C.I:2.37–3.34; p <0.001). Conclusions PBMT significantly reduce the postoperative pain scores when assessed 6, 24, and 48 hours after third molar extractions. Key words: Controlled clinical trial, gallium aluminium arsenide lasers, third molar.

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“…PBM therapy has been steadily gaining more attention as a safe, non-invasive treatment that could confer beneficial effects on multiple medical conditions, ranging from wound healing including the oral mucosa to deep tissue applications targeting muscle, adipose tissue, the nervous system, and the brain [23,[45][46][47][48][49]. However, some difficulties, such as the incomplete understanding of its mechanism(s) of action, and a lack of consensus in the field regarding optimal dosimetry and other treatment parameters, and organ-specific effectiveness still have to be resolved to optimize clinical applications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photobiomodulation Response From 660 nm is Different and More Durable Than That From 980 nm

et al. 2021

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Background and Objectives: Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy uses light at various wavelengths to stimulate wound healing, grow hair, relieve pain, and more-but there is no consensus about optimal wavelengths or dosimetry. PBM therapy works through putative, wavelength-dependent mechanisms including direct stimulation of mitochondrial respiration, and/or activation of transmembrane signaling channels by changes in water activity. A common wavelength used in the visible red spectrum is~660 nm, whereas recently~980 nm is being explored and both have been proposed to work via different mechanisms. We aimed to gain more insight into identifying treatment parameters and the putative mechanisms involved. Study Design/Materials and Methods: Fluenceresponse curves were measured in cultured keratinocytes and fibroblasts exposed to 660 or 980 nm from LED sources. Metabolic activity was assessed using the MTT assay for reductases. ATP production, a major event triggered by PBM therapy, was assessed using a luminescence assay. To measure the role of mitochondria, we used an ELISA to measure COX-1 and SDH-A protein levels. The respective contributions of cytochrome c oxidase and ATP synthase to the PBM effects were gauged using specific inhibitors. Results: Keratinocytes and fibroblasts responded differently to exposures at 660 nm (red) and 980 nm (NIR). Although 980 nm required much lower fluence for cell stimulation, the resulting increase in ATP levels was short-term, whereas 660 nm stimulation elevated ATP levels for at least 24 hours. COX-1 protein levels were increased following 660 nm treatment but were unaffected by 980 nm. In fibroblasts, SDH-A levels were affected by both wavelengths, whereas in keratinocytes only 660 nm light impacted SDH-A levels. Inhibition of ATP synthase nearly completely abolished the effects of both wavelengths on ATP synthesis. Interestingly, inhibiting cytochrome c oxidase did not prevent the rise in ATP levels in response to PBM treatment. Conclusion:To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of differing kinetics in response to PBM therapy at red versus NIR wavelength. We also found celltype-specific differences in PBM therapy response to the two wavelengths studied. These findings confirm that different response pathways are involved after 660 and 980 nm exposures and suggest that 660 nm causes a more durable response.

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Photobiomodulation in Oral Surgery: A Review

Cited by 28 publications

References 73 publications

The Effect of Laser Photobiomodulation on Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells

The Effect of Laser Photobiomodulation on Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells

Photobiomodulation therapy reduces postoperative pain after third molar extractions: A randomized clinical trial

Photobiomodulation Response From 660 nm is Different and More Durable Than That From 980 nm

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