Photoallergic contact dermatitis caused by ultraviolet filters in different sunscreens

Collaris, Esther J. H.; Frank, Jorge

doi:10.1111/j.1365-4632.2008.03957.x

Cited by 29 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…Benzydamine, a nonaspirin‐like anti‐inflammatory topical agent, provokes photocontact dermatitis on the skin and lips . Sunscreens are still very important photoallergens in cosmetics . In this regard, not only benzophenone and para‐aminobenzoic acid (PABA) derivatives, which are now rarely used, but also dibenzoylmethanes, such as PARSOL 1789, may be causative.…”

Section: Clinical Manifestations Of Drug Photoallergymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…31 Sunscreens are still very important photoallergens in cosmetics. 32 In this regard, not only benzophenone and para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) derivatives, which are now rarely Drug photosensitivity is one of the adverse reactions of systemically administered drugs 35 and is clinically recognized as skin eruptions on sun-exposed areas, including cheeks, nose, forehead, posterior nuchal area, V area of neck, dorsal aspect of hands, extensor surface of forearms, and lower legs. The action spectrum is usually UVA, although UVB may exceptionally induce the sensitivity or augment the level of UVA-induced sensitivity.…”

Section: Photoallergenicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Drug photoallergy

Tokura

2018

J Cutaneous Imm & Allergy

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Drugs are one of the representative exogenous agents that cause photosensitive dermatitis. Both phototoxic and photoallergic mechanisms exist in photosensitivity to exogenous agents. While the phototoxic reaction is mediated mainly by reactive oxygen species, the photoallergic reaction is induced and elicited by immunological consequences. Two hypotheses have been put forward to explain the formation of photoallergen: prohapten and photohapten. The vast majority of clinically photoallergic drugs are photohapten rather than prohapten. Clinically, photocontact dermatitis and drug photosensitivity are the two major disorders caused by topical and systemic exogenous photosensitizers, respectively. The main cause of photocontact dermatitis is nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs. In drug photosensitivity, various causative agents have been reported and are recently represented by hydrochlorothiazide, quinolones, piroxicam, and flutamide. Orally administered drugs diffuse from the blood to the epidermis, and keratinocytes are photoderivatized with a given drug upon ultraviolet (UV) A irradiation, leading to photoantigen formation and cytokine production. In parallel, dendritic cells become photohapten‐bearing, T‐cell–sensitizing cells. Considering the mechanisms of photoallergy to chemicals, several in vitro assessments have been proposed to detect the photoallergenicity. Finally, a recent observation with newly marketed drugs has demonstrated that drugs may function as immunomodulators and induce photosensitivity as typically seen in anti‐CCR4 antibody.

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Section: Clinical Manifestations Of Drug Photoallergymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Photoallergenicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug photoallergy

Tokura

2018

J Cutaneous Imm & Allergy

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“…15 Reports of photoallergy 34,37,48,52,64,71,78,88,139,148 to this UV filter are more common than those of allergy. 15 Reports of photoallergy 34,37,48,52,64,71,78,88,139,148 to this UV filter are more common than those of allergy.…”

Section: Dibenzoylmethanesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse Reactions to Sunscreen Agents

Heurung

Raju

Warshaw³

2014

Dermatitis

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Sunscreen is a key component in the preventive measures recommended by dermatologists and public health campaigns aimed at reducing sunburn, early skin aging, and skin cancer. To maximize compliance, adverse reactions to sunscreens should be minimized. Although inactive ingredients cause many of these reactions, it is important for dermatologists to be aware of reactions to active ultraviolet filters. There are approximately 120 chemicals that can function as ultraviolet (UV) filters. This review focuses on the 36 most common filters in commercial and historical use. Of these, 16 are approved for use by the US Food and Drug Administration. The benzophenones and dibenzoylmethanes are the most commonly implicated UV filters causing allergic and photoallergic contact dermatitis (PACD) reactions; benzophenone-3 is the leading allergen and photoallergen within this class. When clinically indicated, patch and photopatch testing should be performed to common UV filters.

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“…Sunscreens are still very important photo allergens in cosmetics [28]. In this regard, not just benzophenone and para-amino-benzoic acid derivatives, which are now rarely used, and dibenzoylmethanes [28][29][30], but also the newer sunscreens such as octocrylene, are causative [31].…”

Section: Causative Chemicalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoallergy

Tokura¹

2009

Expert Review of Dermatology

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There are two mechanisms underlying photosensitivity to exogenous agents: phototoxicity and photoallergy. While the phototoxic reaction is mediated mainly by free radicals, the photoallergic reaction is induced and elicited by immunological consequences. Photosensitive chemicals have a haptenic moiety, and two hypotheses have been put forward to explain the formation of photoallergens: prohaptens and photohaptens. Photohaptens need to coexist with a protein and, upon UV irradiation, a covalent bond is formed. The vast majority of clinically photoallergic chemicals are photohaptens rather than prohaptens. In a clinical photopatch test, a causative chemical is applied to the skin and UVA is irradiated to the site. This method tests the photohaptenic property. Clinically, photocontact dermatitis and drug photosensitivity are the two major disorders caused by topical and systemic exogenous photosensitizers, respectively. In photocontact dermatitis, halogenated salicylanilide and the related compounds musk ambrette, 6-methylcoumarin and benzophenone-3 (oxybenzone), were causative and, recently, topical NSAIDs have been another leading cause. In drug photosensitivity there have been many photosensitive drugs, including quinolones, piroxicam, afloqualone, griseofluvin, tegafur and tilisolol. The underlying mechanisms involve topically applied or orally administered chemicals diffusing from the skin surface or blood to the epidermis, and epidermal cells are photoderivatized with a given chemical upon UVA irradiation. Antigen-presenting dendritic cells are photomodified with the chemical upon exposure of the skin to UVA and become photohapten-bearing, T-cell stimulatory cells.

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Photoallergic contact dermatitis caused by ultraviolet filters in different sunscreens

Cited by 29 publications

References 13 publications

Drug photoallergy

Drug photoallergy

Adverse Reactions to Sunscreen Agents

Photoallergy

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