2005
DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e04-05-0389
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Phosphorylation-regulated Nucleocytoplasmic Trafficking of Internalized Fibroblast Growth Factor-1

Abstract: Fibroblast growth factor-1 (FGF-1), which stimulates cell growth, differentiation, and migration, is capable of crossing cellular membranes to reach the cytosol and the nucleus in cells containing specific FGF receptors. The cell entry process can be monitored by phosphorylation of the translocated FGF-1. We present evidence that phosphorylation of FGF-1 occurs in the nucleus by protein kinase C (PKC)␦. The phosphorylated FGF-1 is subsequently exported to the cytosol. A mutant growth factor where serine at the… Show more

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Cited by 45 publications
(78 citation statements)
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“…2E). The accumulation of at least phospho-PKC␦ Thr505 in the nucleus upon stimulation has also been recently reported by Wiedlocha et al (66) to occur in 3T3 fibroblasts. However, it is not clear from this study whether the bile acids stimulate the translocation to the nucleus of phosphorylated PKC␦ and/or stimulate the phosphorylation of PKC␦ in the nucleus.…”
Section: Study Of Pkc Translocation Following Acute Exposure Of Humansupporting
confidence: 73%
“…2E). The accumulation of at least phospho-PKC␦ Thr505 in the nucleus upon stimulation has also been recently reported by Wiedlocha et al (66) to occur in 3T3 fibroblasts. However, it is not clear from this study whether the bile acids stimulate the translocation to the nucleus of phosphorylated PKC␦ and/or stimulate the phosphorylation of PKC␦ in the nucleus.…”
Section: Study Of Pkc Translocation Following Acute Exposure Of Humansupporting
confidence: 73%
“…We employed a digitonin-based fractionation assay (52,53,57) 35 S-FGF1 for 6 h and then fractionated into a cytosolic, a nuclear, and a membrane fraction as described in Materials and Methods. The membrane fraction includes growth factor present in intracellular vesicles (endosomes) and can here be considered a loading control, as the largest part of the cellassociated FGF1 is present in the endosomes at the time of cell lysis.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Furthermore, translocation was found to be cell cycle dependent (3,31,63), it can be stimulated by serum deprivation of cells (1,3,18,25,31,32,55,63), and it occurs after a several-hour delay compared to the endocytic uptake of FGF (31,47). The nuclear trafficking of FGF1 is also tightly regulated by two nuclear localization sequences (19,51), a nuclear export sequence (36), and by phosphorylation of FGF1 at Ser130 by protein kinase C␦ (PKC␦) (57).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The cytosolic fraction was obtained by ultracentrifugation (20,000 ϫ g), and an aliquot (25 g of protein) was subjected to SDS-PAGE, transferred to a nitrocellulose membrane, and analyzed with streptavidin-peroxidase (Roche, Mannheim, Germany) for the presence of biotin-C2I. Alternatively, the cytosolic proteins were extracted with digitonin by a modified protocol according to the work of Wiedlocha et al (40). In brief, cells, which were grown in 12-well plates and treated with the toxin, were incubated for 5 min at 25°C with digitonin buffer (20 g/ml digitonin [Sigma-Aldrich, Seelze, Germany] in PBS) to permeabilize the cytoplasmic membrane.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%