Phosphonate and sulfonate metal organic frameworks

Abstract

Recent progress in phosphonate and sulfonate MOFs is reviewed with an emphasis on open frameworks. These two ligating functionalities are paired due to their structural analogy but the review will show that their differences likely outweigh their similarities when it comes to their framework structures and properties. Examples that are highlighted focus on new routes to open structures, demonstrations of porosity and functionality, and examples with dynamic structures. This critical review is geared to researchers interested in designing open framework solids (134 references).

Systematic Hydrothermal Investigation of Metal Phosphonatobenzenesulfonates by High‐Throughput Methods

“…Thus, for phosphonate-based compounds mostly more dense layered materials are formed. [15,16] Only a few porous phosphonate based materials are known to date, for example Ni-STA-12, [17] Al 2 (CH 3 -PO 3 ) 3 ·H 2 O [18] and Zr(O 3 P-C 6 H 4 -PO 3 H) [19] and there are even less examples described for sulfonatebased porous compounds. [20] Our research focuses on the use of organic linker molecules containing two or more dif-Metal ion screening showed lead(II) and copper(II) to be suitable metal ions.…”

CuII Frameworks from Di‐2‐pyridyl Ketone and Benzene‐1,3,5‐triphosphonic Acid

“…Although there are some examples of phosphonate-based MOFs, [9] their discovery is most likely to have been serendipitous due to a number of difficulties that need to be overcome. [10,11] First, all metal phosphonates have the tendency to form densely packed layer structures, thus limiting the number of porous structures. In addition, metal phosphonates are highly insoluble and they tend to be less crystalline than their carboxylate-based counterparts, which means that the isolation of single crystals from these metal phosphonate reaction systems is particularly difficult.…”

Modification and Potential Applications of Organic–Inorganic Non-Siliceous Hybrid Materials

“…The use of metal phosphonates as inexpensive proton-conducting membranes for fuel cell applications represents a rising research direction [28,59]. The phosphonate groups with three oxygen atoms can coordinate with metal ions into multidimensional hybrid frameworks, while the oxygen atoms may still be available to further perform as hydrogen-bonding acceptors [29].…”