Phosphites of manganese and zinc potentiate the resistance of common bean against infection by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli

Abstract

Common bacterial blight (CBB), caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli var. fuscans (Xapf), negatively impact common bean production globally. Considering the potential of phosphites to protect plants against different diseases, this study investigated the potential of using manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn) phosphites in common bean for CBB control. Plants were inoculated with Xapf 48 hr after being sprayed with water (control) and solutions (7.5 ml/L) of Mn and Zn phosphites. The area under common bacterial blight progress curve (AUCBBPC) was significantly lower by 34% and 59% for Mn and Zn phosphite treatments in comparison with the control treatment. The AUCBBPC was significantly reduced by 38% for Zn phosphite‐sprayed plants compared to Mn phosphite treatment. Phosphite‐sprayed plants displayed higher values for area under the curves of net CO2 assimilation rate, stomatal conductance to water vapour, transpiration rate and internal‐to‐ambient CO2 concentration ratio than non‐sprayed plants. This indicates the effect of Mn and Zn phosphites in attenuating the photochemical dysfunctions caused by Xapf infection. Moreover, plants sprayed with Mn phosphite displayed higher values for area under the curves of efficiency in capturing the excitation energy of open reaction centres of PSII and electron transport rate than those non‐sprayed indicating their capacity to preserve the capture and the use of the collected energy more efficiently. Lower AUCBBPC for Zn phosphite‐sprayed plants resulted in higher concentrations of total chlorophylls. The Zn phosphite‐sprayed plants showed higher values for area under the curves of β‐1,3‐glucanase, phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase, polyphenoloxidase, ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities. The Zn phosphite spray primed the plants to enhance their defence response and antioxidant capacity to reduce Xapf‐triggered oxidative stress with the preservation of the photosynthetic apparatus more efficiently.

Determination of the efficacies of different phosphites in the management of tomato bacterial speck disease caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato

“…The efficiency in the severity of soybean anthracnose was 85% and 27% in Mn and Zn phosphite treated plants, respectively (da Silva Junior et al, 2021). When the common bean plants were sprayed with the solutions (7.5 ml L -1 ) of Mn and Zn phosphites, the area under the common bacterial blight progress curve (AUCBBPC) was significantly lower by 34% and 59% for Mn and Zn phosphite treatments (Costa et al, 2020). In common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), the anthracnose severity was highly reduced with the application of the K phosphite, Zn phosphite, Mn phosphite (74-90%) when compared to the control treatment (Gadaga et al, 2017).…”

“…The efficacy of phosphites has already been verified for many plant fungal diseases including soybean anthracnose and downy mildew (Silva et al, 2011;da Silva Junior et al, 2021), apple scab and Moldy-Core Decay (Reuveni et al, 2003;Felipini et al, 2016), common bean anthracnose (Figueira et al, 2020), Phytophthora crown rot on zucchini (Gilardi et al, 2020), coffee leaf rust (Junior et al, 2021) and potato late blight (Liljeroth et al, 2016;Najdabbasi et al, 2022). However, few studies conducted on the effect of several phosphites for plant bacterial diseases including potato soft rot (Lobato et al, 2011), fire blight (Bahadou et al, 2017) and common bacterial blight (Costa et al, 2020). According to the findings, Zn/Mn phosphites showed the highest disease suppression (75%) among all sprays in both experiments.…”

“…The study was performed under greenhouse conditions (Liljeroth et al, 2016). In a recent study conducted by Costa et al (2020), it was determined that manganese and zinc phosphites have the potential to control Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli var.…”

Produtos Alternativos para o Controlo de Doenças das Plantas

“…Erwinia amylovora Macieira Fogo bacteriano Fosfito de potássio [8] Xanthomonas axonopodis Feijoeiro Queima bacteriano Fosfito de zinco [12] Fungos Blumeria graminis Aveia Oídio Silicatos [2] Cercospora coffeicola Cafeeiro Cercosporiose Fosfito de potássio [11] Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Macieira Antracnose Fosfito de potássio [13] Colletotrichum truncatum Soja Antracnose Fosfito de potássio [9] Cylindrocladium spathiphylli Bananeira Necrose das raízes Ácido monossilícico [14] Erysiphe necator Videira Oídio Silicato de potássio [15] Fusarium oxysporum Bananeira Doença do Panamá Silicato de cálcio [16] Fusarium solani Batateira Fusariose Silicato de cálcio [16] Bipolaris oryzae Arroz Helmintosporiose (Mancha parda) Silicato de cálcio [17] Hemileia vastatrix Cafeeiro Ferrugem Fosfito de potássio [11] Pyricularia oryzae (sin.…”

“…Plantas de feijoeiro pulverizadas com fosfito de zinco e inoculadas com a bactéria Xanthomonas axonopodis apresentaram um aumento de atividade das enzimas fenilalanina amoníaco-liase, polifenoloxidase, β-1,3-glucanase, ascorbato-peroxidase e superóxido dismutase, e uma menor severidade da doença [12]. O tratamento com fosfito aumentou a capacidade antioxidante e induziu respostas de defesa com preservação da eficiência fotossintética das plantas.…”