Phenotypic and molecular characterization of antimicrobial resistance in Proteus mirabilis isolates from dogs

Abstract

Large-scale monitoring of resistance to 14 antimicrobial agents was performed using 103 Proteus mirabilis strains isolated from dogs in Japan. Resistant strains were analysed to identify their resistance mechanisms. Rates of resistance to chloramphenicol, streptomycin, enrofloxacin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, kanamycin, ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, cephalothin, gentamicin, cefoxitin and cefotaxime were 20. 4, 15.5, 12.6, 10.7, 9.7, 8.7, 5.8, 2.9, 2.9, 1.9 and 1.9 %, respectively. No resistance to ceftazidime, aztreonam or imipenem was found. Class 1 and 2 integrases were detected in 2.9 and 11.7 % of isolates, respectively. Class 1 integrons contained aadB or aadB-catB-like-bla OXA10 -aadA1, whereas those of class 2 contained sat-aadA1, dhfr1-sat-aadA1 or none of the anticipated resistance genes. Of five distinct plasmid-mediated quinolone-resistance (PMQR) genes, only qnrD gene was detected in 1.9 % of isolates. Quinolone-resistance determining regions (QRDRs) of gyrA and parC from 13 enrofloxacinintermediate and -resistant isolates were sequenced. Seven strains had double mutations and three had single mutations. Three of nine ampicillin-resistant isolates harboured AmpC-type blactamases (i.e. bla CMY-2 , bla CMY-4 and bla DHA-1 ). These results suggest that canine Proteus mirabilis deserves continued surveillance as an important reservoir of antimicrobial resistance determinants. This is the first report, to our knowledge, describing integrons, PMQRs and QRDR mutations in Proteus mirabilis isolates from companion animals.

Detection of SGI1/PGI1 Elements and Resistance to Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporins in Proteae of Animal Origin in France

“…However, the previous sampling was based on isolates conserved by the veterinary laboratories and a bias toward non-susceptible isolates cannot be excluded (Schultz et al, 2015). On the contrary, no ESBL-producing isolate was detected in Japan (Harada et al, 2014). In any case, Proteae from animal origin present much less ESC-resistant isolates than those from human origin, since the nowadays ESBL rate in animals is very close to the French situation in human medicine in the late 1990s (Chanal et al, 2000).…”

Phenotypic and molecular characterization of antimicrobial resistance in Enterobacter spp. isolates from companion animals in Japan

“…The rates of resistance to CTX and CIP in our collection (33.3% and 43.3%, respectively) were similar to those in K . pneumoniae isolates (39.3% and 41.6%, respectively) [31], but were much higher than those in Proteus mirabilis isolates (1.9% and 5.8%, respectively) [32] from companion animals in Japan. Compared with Enterobacter spp.…”

“…pneumoniae isolates (31/89, 34.8%) [31], but was much higher than that in P . mirabilis isolates (0/103, 0%) [32] from companion animals in Japan. These data suggest that the risk of ESBL carriage is relatively high in Enterobacter spp.…”

High Prevalence of SXT/R391-Related Integrative and Conjugative Elements Carrying bla CMY-2 in Proteus mirabilis Isolates from Gulls in the South of France

“…bla CMY-2 mobilization by an integrative and conjugative element (ICE) in P. mirabilis was described recently in Japan and Spain (4,5). Several studies focused on the characterization of AmpC-producing P. mirabilis isolates from food-producing animals and pets (6)(7)(8). Migratory birds can act as reservoirs and play an important role in the dissemination of these resistance genes (9).…”