Phenolics: Occurrence and Immunochemical Detection in Environment and Food

Abstract

Phenolic compounds may be of natural or anthropogenic origin and be present in the environment as well as in food. They comprise a large and diverse group of compounds that may be either beneficial or harmful for consumers. In this review first a non-exhausting overview of interesting phenolics is given, in particular with regards to their presence in environment and food. For some of these compounds, beneficial, toxicological and/or optionally endocrine disrupting activities will be presented. Further, immunochemical detection and/or isolation methods developed will be discussed, including advantages and disadvantages thereof in comparison with conventional analytical methods such as HPLC, GC, MS. A short overview of new sensor-like methods will also be included for present and future application.

Influence of rootstock and scion on antioxidant capacity of juice from new pomelo and mandarin varieties

“…The second anodic peak (Table 3) is attributed to compounds with an ortho ‐dihydroxyphenol group, and to different anthocyanins, including ferulic acid, vanillic acid, epicatechol, catachol, quercetin and resveratrol 18, 20, 30, 31. As was found for ascorbic acid, scions grafted on to the sour orange rootstock were richer in low‐molecular‐weight antioxidants than the same scions grafted on to Volka or 812.…”

“…Antioxidant evaluation by various systems is known to greatly influence the behavior of antioxidants and their evaluation due to variation in media, substrates, oxidants and evaluating indices, and may account for the differences in results between the Folin–Ciocalteu method and CV analysis 30, 31…”

Effect of alimentary synthetic estrogen on cell compensatory mechanisms in rats of different ages

“…Xenoestrogens are industrial chemicals (for example, esters of phthalic acid, bisphenol A, phenolic compounds, and parabens) used in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastics, epoxy resins, food packaging and coatings, dental sealants, rubber chemicals, and flame retardants (Arditsoglou, Voutsa, 2008;Meulenberg, 2009;Boberg et al, 2010;Rochester, 2013). Similar compounds are present in antimicrobial substances (zearalenone) and medicines, personal hygiene products (Wielogórska et al, 2015), drinking and bottled water (Dhaini, Nassif, 2014), foods -grains, fruits and vegetables (Massart, Saggese, 2010), animal products -meat, dairy, eggs (Kolf-Clauw et al, 2008; Wielogorska et al, 2014).…”

Optical biosensor with poly[N-nonyl-3,6-bis(ethylenedioxythiophene)carbazole] matrix for monitoring of phenol derivatives

“…Many of these compounds are highly toxic and can create a serious health hazard, therefore their determination in low concentrations is a significant/crucial issue 1,2 . Various methods have been developed for the detection and quantification of (poly)phenolic compounds, mainly spectrophotometric and chromatographic techniques 3 . These conventional procedures used in an analytical chemistry can be replaced by the use of biosensors.…”