Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Bulb Extracts of Six Lilium Species Native to China

Abstract

Lily (Lilium) is used as an important edible and medical plant species with a vague taxonomic classification and a long history in China. Bulbs of six Lilium species (L. regale, L. concolor, L. pumilum, L. leucanthum, L. davidii var. unicolor and L. lancifolium) native to China were investigated with a view to their exploitation as a potential source of natural antioxidants due to their phenolic composition and dietary antioxidant potential. The results showed that all bulb extracts exhibited strong antioxidant activities, which generally correlated positively with the total phenolic contents (r = 0.68 to 0.94), total flavonoid contents (r = 0.51 to 0.89) and total flavanol contents (r = 0.54 to 0.95). High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis revealed that rutin and kaempferol were the major phenolic components in the extracts. Hierarchical cluster analysis showed that L. regale belonged to the group with high phenolic content and strong antioxidant power. L. concolor and L. pumilum were arranged in one group characterized by moderate phenolic content and antioxidant capacity, while L. leucanthum, L. davidii var. unicolor and L. lancifolium were clustered in the third group with low phenolic content and weak antioxidant activity. These strongly suggest that lily bulbs may serve as a potential source of natural antioxidant for food and pharmaceutical applications.

Influence Analysis of Heating Time Towards Degradation of Anti Oxidant Activity on Water Spinach Leaves (Ipomoea Aquatica Forsk)

“…The usage of synthetic anti oxidant in certain time can cause toxic in the body and carcinogenic character so its need save natural anti oxidant. One of the potential source of natural anti oxidant is plant because contents flavonoid, clorofil and tanin compound [10]. Water spinach can be one of anti oxidant source from out side the body as neutralized of over free radical inside the body.…”

“…Those method is simple and radical DPPH is stable character so it might be done an accurate measurement of anti oxidant activity [10]. This method is considered as easy and useful method for screening or measurement of anti oxidant activity whether pure or complex [11].…”

In vitro cytotoxic, genotoxic and antioxidant/oxidant effects of guaiazulene on human lymphocytes

“…Nowadays, synthetic antioxidants such as buthylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), buthylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) are widely used in the food industry (Naveena et al 2008). However, potential cancer-inducing properties of these synthetic antioxidants have encouraged the investigation of natural antioxidants derived from plant components (Jin et al 2012). There is a growing interest in natural substances exhibiting antioxidant properties for human and animal use as specific preventative pharmaceuticals (Goze et al 2009).…”

“…Antioxidants are substances that may protect the cells against the effects of ROS (Jin et al 2012). ROS together with other factors are important mediators in many diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, inflammation, and arteriosclerosis (Barlak et al 2011;Mitjavila and Moreno 2012;López-Alarcón and Denicola 2013).…”

Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidative Potentials of “Beach Morning Glory” Ipomoea pes- caprae (Linn.) Roth Leaves Extract

“…Antioxidants in humans play an important role in preventing adverse effects of oxidative stress. The main factors causing oxidative stress are the reactive oxygen species (ROS) which include the free radicals and the non-radical species (Jin et al, 2012). Oxidative damage due to overproduction of free radicals can lead to chronic diseases such as cancer, atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, post-ischemic perfusion injury, myocardial infarction cardiovascular diseases, chronic inflammation, stroke and septic shock, aging and other degenerative diseases (Uttara et al, 2009).…”