Pharmacological Perspective of Glycyrrhiza glabraLinn.: a Mini-Review

Thakur, Ajit Kumar; Raj, P Pethiah

doi:10.15406/japlr.2017.05.00156

Cited by 41 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Aglycone segment in the Diammonium Glycyrrhizinate structure is a triterpenoid, while in the Digitoxin structure is a steroidal nucleus, which involved in the glycosidic linkage via oxygen atom (O-glycosides). Based on the glycoside’s aglycone type, they not only demonstrate various physicochemical properties, but also have different therapeutic uses (Thakur & Raj, 2017 ; Tinku Gupta, 2018 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repurposing of the approved small molecule drugs in order to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 S protein and human ACE2 interaction through virtual screening approaches

Kalhor

Sadeghi

Abolhasani

et al. 2020

Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics

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Most recently, the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has been recognized as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) while this virus shares substantial similarity with SARS-CoV. So far, no definitive vaccine or drug has been developed to cure Covid-19 disease, since many important aspects about Covid-19 such as pathogenesis and proliferation pathways are still unclear. It was proven that human ACE2 is the main receptor for the entry of Covid-19 into lower respiratory tract epithelial cells through interaction with SARS-CoV-2 S protein. Based on this observation, it is expected that the virus infection can be inhibited if protein-protein interaction is prevented. In this study, using structurebased virtual screening of FDA databases, several lead drugs were discovered based on the ACE2binding pocket of SARS-CoV-2 S protein. Then, binding affinity, binding modes, critical interactions, and pharmaceutical properties of the lead drugs were evaluated. Among the previously approved drugs, Diammonium Glycyrrhizinate, Digitoxin, Ivermectin, Rapamycin, Rifaximin, and Amphotericin B represented the most desirable features, and can be possible candidates for Covid-19 therapies. Furthermore, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was accomplished for three S protein/drug complexes with the highest binding affinity and best conformation and binding free energies were also computed with the Molecular Mechanics/Poisson-Boltzmann Surface Area (MM/PBSA) method. Results demonstrated the stable binding of these compounds to the S protein; however, in order to confirm the curative effect of these drugs, clinical trials must be done.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repurposing of the approved small molecule drugs in order to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 S protein and human ACE2 interaction through virtual screening approaches

Kalhor

Sadeghi

Abolhasani

et al. 2020

Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics

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“…51 Apart from above, several Rasayana drugs have been documented from our labs for beneficial effect in memory deficits and warranted for potential role in dementia and other neurological disorders and might be helpful in AD. [52][53][54]…”

Section: Potential Herbal Drugs For Admentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathophysiology and management of alzheimer’s disease: an overview

Thakur

Kamboj

Goswami

et al. 2018

JAPLR

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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the sixth-leading reason of fatality and is 70% present in all cases of dementia. The global burden of AD is expected to accelerate from 26.6 million cases in 2006 to 106.8 million by 2050. The total assumed worldwide costs of dementia were US$ 604 billion in 2010, equivalent to 1% of the world's Gross domestic product (GDP). This review is focused on the overview of pathophysiology and management of AD. The sources for the literature search were PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus and Google Scholar. AD is generally considered as disorders related to intensify loss of neurons and synapses proceeds in distinct anatomical loci, resulting in different phenotypes. The pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease is credited to a number of factors such as the cholinergic dysfunction, amyloid/tau toxicity and oxidative stress/ mitochondrial dysfunction. Apart from various therapeutic targets, biomarkers and pharmaco-therapies available; Herbal drugs, secondary metabolites and to the some extent non-pharmacological therapies are impending and potential candidates for the management of AD. Further studies are required to elaborate the detailed mechanism of Herbal drugs, secondary metabolites and non-pharmacological therapies for the management of AD.

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“…Deglycyrrhizinated licorice (DGL) was developed to provide the therapeutic benefits of licorice to patients without its harmful side effects (Dastagir & Rizvi, 2016). Additionally, DGL showed effect of alleviation of ulcer in gastric mucosal damage in rats (Raveendra et al, 2012) and chewable DGL licorice tablets are used for health supplement (Thakur & Raj, 2017). Adverse effects of medicinal plants have been reported, however, raising concerns about the potential toxic effects from chronic use (Porwal, Khan, & Maheshwari, distilled water; n = 10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute and subchronic toxicity study of nonpolar extract of licorice roots in mice

Kim

Zuo

Lee

et al. 2020

Food Science & Nutrition

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Licorice is used as a medicinal plant, and several studies have shown that licorice has beneficial effects. The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety of nonpolar licorice extract using toxicity experiments. Nonpolar extract from the root of Glycyrrhiza uralensis (NERG) was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Antioxidant ability was determined by method of TPC and DPPH. Blood pressure was monitored by using blood pressure meter. In the acute study, a single dose (2,000 mg/kg) was orally administered to mice. In the subchronic study, mice were treated with extract at doses (50, 100, 500, and 1,000 mg/kg) for 120 days.Significantly difference was not shown at blood pressure, hematological, and biochemical parameters, and histopathology on mice. The results suggested that at acute and subchronic toxicity, each levels of nonpolar licorice extract administration in experiments did not cause toxicity effects or death on mice. K E Y W O R D S acute toxicity, de-glycyrrhizin, licorice, nonpolar extract, subchronic toxicity, toxicology | 2243 KIM et al. 2017). Since information about the toxicity of licorice extract is limited, it is important to conduct studies to assess the safety of nonpolar licorice root extract. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the safety of nonpolar licorice root extract in mice by utilizing acute and subchronic toxicity tests. Our aim is to provide valuable information regarding the usage of this extract. | MATERIAL S AND ME THODS | Plant material, preparation of extraction, and administration of extractThe root of licorice was obtained from Deagwang korean plant sales, Chuncheon, Korea. The specimen of G. uralensis was confirmed to Seoul national university and deposited in the Regional Innovation Center (RIC; #040322) of the Hallym University, Chuncheon.The plant root was air-dried and then soaked in a mixture of solvent (Hexane:Ethanol = 9:1) for 24 hr. After 24 hr, the extraction was filtered and concentrated at 37°C using a rotary evaporator (Vacuubrand, CVC 3000). The nonpolar extract from the root of G. uralensis (NERG) was administered orally, in the shape of a pellet, for the acute and subchronic toxicity studies. | Chemical and reagentsAll chemicals were analytical grade. Acetonitrile was acquired from J. T. Baker Chemical Company. Acetic acid, Folin-Ciocalteu phenol reagent, and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) were purchased from Sigma Chemical Company.

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Pharmacological Perspective of Glycyrrhiza glabraLinn.: a Mini-Review

Cited by 41 publications

References 26 publications

Repurposing of the approved small molecule drugs in order to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 S protein and human ACE2 interaction through virtual screening approaches

Repurposing of the approved small molecule drugs in order to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 S protein and human ACE2 interaction through virtual screening approaches

Pathophysiology and management of alzheimer’s disease: an overview

Acute and subchronic toxicity study of nonpolar extract of licorice roots in mice

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