Pharmacologic Activities of Aged Garlic Extract in Comparison with Other Garlic Preparations

Kasuga, Shigeo; Uda, Naoto; Kyo, Eikai; Ushijima, Mitsuyasu; Morihara, Naoaki; Itakura, Y.

doi:10.1093/jn/131.3.1080s

Cited by 67 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This means that the enhancement of SOD and catalase activities by HGJ and AA pre-treatment may account for the reduction in MDA level due to the enhanced removal of the superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide. It has earlier been reported that heated garlic juice reduces tumor growth in mice (Kasuga et al, 2001) and this may be due to the enhanced expressions and activities of SOD and catalase antioxidant enzymes observed in this study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Antioxidant effects of heated garlic juice on cadmium-induced liver damage in rats as compared to ascorbic acid

Lawal

Ologundudu

et al. 2011

J. Toxicol. Sci.

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-The antioxidant efficacy of heated garlic juice (HGJ) in liver was evaluated with that of ascorbic acid (AA) in rats exposed to acute dose of cadmium (4 mg kg -1 bd. wt). The rats were either given HGJ (100 mg kg -1 bd. wt) orally, daily for 4 weeks or AA (100 mg kg -1 bd. wt) orally, daily for 4 weeks or both or cadmium (4 mg kg -1 bd. wt) intraperitoneally for 3 days. Another group of rats was given cadmium (4 mg kg -1 bd. wt) intraperitoneally for 3 days after pretreatment with either HGJ (100 mg kg -1 bd. wt) or ascorbic acid (100 mg kg -1 bd. wt) for 4 weeks and the liver excised. The results obtained show that AA and HGJ significantly reduced the level of liver malondialdehyde (MDA) induced by cadmium compared to control (p < 0.05) but AA tends to be more potent when compared with HGJ. The presence of either HGJ or AA also significantly reduced the levels of ROS in the presence of cadmium (Cd). The presence of either AA or HGJ pre-treatment produced significant increase in liver SOD and Catalase activities when compared with rats treated with Cd alone. There was no significant reduction in the activities of these enzymes in the presence of cadmium compared to control. Western blot shows that the expressions of Nrf2 and NQO1 in the liver were significantly increase by 3 and 1.7-fold respectively in the AA pretreated mice when compared with Cd. However no significant changes were seen in HGJ pretreated rats. The expression of HO-1 was not significantly increase in the AA pretreated rats. The results show that though both ascorbic acid and HGJ are efficient in preventing Cd-induced damage in the rat liver, ascorbic acid appeared to be a more powerful antioxidant than heated garlic juice in preventing cadmium-induced oxidative damage in liver and its action may be mediated in parts via Nrf2-keap1 pathway.Key words: Antioxidant, Malondialdehyde, Superoxide dismutase, Catalase, Garlic, Ascorbic acid, CadmiumCorrespondence: Akeem Olalekan Lawal (E-mail: tolekan@hotmail.com) Original ArticleThe Journal of Toxicological Sciences (J. Toxicol. Sci.) Vol.36, No.5, 549-557, 2011 Vol. 36 No. 5 549 written history. Its use as a remedy for heart disease, tumors and headaches are documented in the Egyptian codex Ebers, dating from 1550 BC. Epidemiological studies have suggested that garlic plays a significant role in the reduction of deaths caused by malignant diseases (Agarwal, 1996). This has led many investigators to examine garlic and garlic constituents for their antitumor and cytotoxic actions both in vitro (Prasad et al., 1996;Rabinkov et al., 1998)) and in Laboratory animals (Augusti and Sheela, 1996;Iqbal and Athar, 1998). Data suggested that garlic contains several potentially important agents that possess antitumor and anticarcinogenic properties (Agarwal, 1996). It contains both water soluble compounds such as L-seleocystein (SC), S-allycysteine (SAC) as well as lipid soluble compounds such as diallytrisulfide (DATS), diallydisulfide (DADS) (Nisha and Tood, 2001). Garlic also contains high level o...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Antioxidant effects of heated garlic juice on cadmium-induced liver damage in rats as compared to ascorbic acid

Lawal

Ologundudu

et al. 2011

J. Toxicol. Sci.

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“…Indeed, the data reported about the role of garlic generally in male fertility and especially in testicular apoptosis is contradictive. For example, as previously reported, hot garlic juice has positive effect in restoring testicular hypogonadism to normal (Kasuga et al, 2001). In contrast, it has been reported that garlic powder (Dixit and Joshi, 1982) or crude garlic (Hammami et al, 2009) has negative effect on functions of testes and male genital tract.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Garlic Powder Attenuates Apoptosis Associated with Lead Acetate-Induced Testicular Damage in Adult Male Rats

Nasr¹,

Elmadawy²,

Almadaly³

et al. 2017

AJVS

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Key words:Lead toxicity, apoptosis, male rat, testis, garlic Lead is a highly prevalent heavy metal pollutant in human and animals which has various toxicological effects on the different organs including reproductive system on particular aspect the male testis. Lead (Pb) exposure enhances the generation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) which negatively affect testis structure and functions. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of garlic supplement on daily basis and its prophylactic possibility against lead acetate induced testicular dysfunction. Thirty two adult male rats were divided to four groups, eight animals per each. All animals were maintained under standard laboratory conditions with free access to suitable diet and water supply. The 1 st group was supplied with water and diet and kept without further treatment as a negative control. The 2 nd group was treated by lead acetate( 50mg/L) daily in drinking water as a positive control. The 3 rd group was administered commercial garlic powder preparation only (200 mg/kg b.w.) by stomach tube. The 4 th group was co-treated with lead acetate in drinking water plus garlic in same doses by stomach tube. Then, all animals were scarified after 42 days for clean excision of epididymis and testes. Semen was collected and analyzed for count, motility and viability. Testicular tissues sections were prepared, stained and examined. Oxidative stress markers, SOD and MDA were determined in testicular tissue homogenate. Immunostaining was carried out on sections of testicular tissue for detection of proapoptotic markers caspase-3 and Bax expression. Finally, the level of expression of Bcl-2 and p53 genes was measured in testicular tissue samples as well. The data summary obtained from co treated group signified the protective effect of garlic against potential lead acetate induced undesired testicular apoptosis.

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“…During objective examination and/or laboratory research in the dynamics significant changes are revealed and/ or the patient notes an adverse reaction requiring discontinuation of the drug and additional medical measures 2,5 The sensitivity of these isolates to 'garlic extract liquid' also suggests that the intrinsic biosubstances in this extract are naive to the various drug resistance factors of the isolates, which include beta-lactamase expression, increased pyrrolidonylarylamidase activity, aminoglycosidemodifying enzymes, and altered ribosomal binding. 5 Meanwhile, the antimicrobial potency of garlic has been attributed to its ability to inhibit toxin production and expression of enzymes for pathogenesis.…”

Section: Pointmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 Meanwhile, the antimicrobial potency of garlic has been attributed to its ability to inhibit toxin production and expression of enzymes for pathogenesis. 1,4,5 Several studies previously demonstrated the antibacterial potency of 'garlic extract liquid' against enteropathogens such as Vibrio parahaemolyticus, E. coli, Klebsiella pneumonia; Proteus spp. (P. mirabilis, P. vulgaris, P. penneri, and P. hauseri); and Staphylococcus aureus, 6 and anticandidal effects against Candida spp.…”

Section: Pointmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Clinical Study of the Effectiveness of MEKRITEN in Patients with Chronic Suppurative Otitis

Mukhitdinov

Olimov

Olimova

2018

tjps

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Objectives: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a serious disease with the presence of bacterial infection in the middle ear. Worldwide, 1% to 46% of the population living in developed and developing countries have CSOM, about 65-330 million people, 60% of whom have significant hearing loss. The study of the wound healing efficacy and tolerability of the drug MEKRITEN (garlic extract liquid) was performed to identify the possibility of issuing recommendations for the drug for clinical use in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Materials and Methods:The main group of patients, who received the study drug, consisted of 30 patients; the group of patients who received the comparison drug comprised 20 patients. Patients of the main group (30 persons) were given 'garlic extract liquid,' which was developed by the Tashkent Pharmaceutical Institute, given as 2 drops twice per day for 10 days in the external auditory canal. Patients in the comparison group (20 people) took other drugs (0.25% solution of levomycetin) in a similar way. Patients were examined and observed carefully to determine the severity of symptoms such as pain, secretion (in points), and clinical analyses were performed including general blood analysis, and urine. In addition, the researchers performed biochemical (ALT, AST, bilirubin), instrumental (ultrasound of the liver), and special (biopsy of fibrous tissue of echinococcal capsules) analyses. Results: The average rating of the tolerability and effectiveness in the points for MEKRITEN made portability of 4.97 points, and the effectiveness was 4.77 points, and for 0.25% levomycetin solution, they were 4.8 and 3.35 points, respectively. While receiving MEKRITEN, no adverse effects and allergic reactions were observed. No criteria for treatment cessation were observed (adverse effects, ineffective treatment, poor adherence to protocol, and refusal to continue) thus the study was not stopped in any patients. Conclusion: Local therapy with the drug MEKRITEN in patients with CSOM is more effective than local application of 0.25% levomycetin solution. Local therapy with MEKRITEN in the treatment of CSOM leads to faster termination of otorrhoea and is accompanied by fewer adverse drug reactions. Key words: MEKRITEN, levomycetin, chronic suppurative otitis media, garlic extract liquid Amaç: Kronik süpüratif otitis media (KSOM), orta kulakta bakteri enfeksiyonu bulunan ciddi bir hastalıktır. Dünya çapında, gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerde yaşayan nüfusun %1-46'sı, yaklaşık 65-330 milyon insan, KSOM'dan muzdarip olup, bunların %60'ında ise önemli işitme kaybı vardır. Özbekistan Cumhuriyeti'nde klinik kullanım için ilaç önerileri verme olasılığını belirlemek için MEKRITEN (sarımsak özü sıvısı) ilacın yara iyileşme etkinliği ve tolere edilebilirliği araştırılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışma ilacını alan ana grup 30 hastadan, karşılaştırma ilacı alan hasta grubu 20 hastadan oluşmaktadır. Ana grubun (30 kişilik) hastalarına, Taşkent İlaç Enstitüsü tarafından geliştirilen sarımsak özü sıvısı 10 gün...

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Pharmacologic Activities of Aged Garlic Extract in Comparison with Other Garlic Preparations

Cited by 67 publications

References 12 publications

Antioxidant effects of heated garlic juice on cadmium-induced liver damage in rats as compared to ascorbic acid

Antioxidant effects of heated garlic juice on cadmium-induced liver damage in rats as compared to ascorbic acid

Garlic Powder Attenuates Apoptosis Associated with Lead Acetate-Induced Testicular Damage in Adult Male Rats

Comparative Clinical Study of the Effectiveness of MEKRITEN in Patients with Chronic Suppurative Otitis

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