“…The PSAMM was offered during a historical period that was described by all workshop participants as a favorable political scenario for the expansion and enhancement of health policy. Federal public funding for access to medicines and pharmaceutical services increased from around R$2 billion in 2003 to ∼R$15 billion in 2015 (29). During this period, the Brazilian National Pharmaceutical Policy (promulgated in 2004) provided pharmaceutical services expansion by hiring more professionals, including pharmacists, to health teams (29).…”
Introduction: To train pharmacists working in the public health system, the Brazilian Ministry of Health developed a specialization course called Pharmaceutical Service and Access to Medicine Management (PSAMM) between 2010 and 2016. The course was free of charge and used e-learning as its main approach. In the end, 2,500 pharmacists were trained. The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of an in-service and e-learning course for pharmacists working in a public health system.Materials and Methods: Three workshops involving 67 participants were conducted at the conclusion of the course to analyze the perspective of the PSAMM course's faculty (tutors, regional coordinators, professors, and management committee) and students (pharmacists). Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats analysis and qualitative analysis methods were used.Results and Discussion: The strength dimension had the greatest number of items. The qualitative analysis resulted in six categories: the category “E-learning in continuing education” had the most cited items. Internal elements such as in-service hands-on activities directly related to the professionals' roles, course contents, faculty, and the methods to offer the course (the mixed methods and materials) were positively assessed. Nonetheless, external elements were considered critical for the course's outcomes such as investments in the infrastructure of pharmaceutical services, access to the internet, local managers' support for continuing education and innovation implementation, practice of interprofessional collaboration, and political stability. The continuing education course in the public health system was affected by internal elements such as its project and structure as well as external elements such as the sociopolitical scenario. Continuing education investment must be accompanied by infrastructure investment and coordination of services.
“…The PSAMM was offered during a historical period that was described by all workshop participants as a favorable political scenario for the expansion and enhancement of health policy. Federal public funding for access to medicines and pharmaceutical services increased from around R$2 billion in 2003 to ∼R$15 billion in 2015 (29). During this period, the Brazilian National Pharmaceutical Policy (promulgated in 2004) provided pharmaceutical services expansion by hiring more professionals, including pharmacists, to health teams (29).…”
Introduction: To train pharmacists working in the public health system, the Brazilian Ministry of Health developed a specialization course called Pharmaceutical Service and Access to Medicine Management (PSAMM) between 2010 and 2016. The course was free of charge and used e-learning as its main approach. In the end, 2,500 pharmacists were trained. The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of an in-service and e-learning course for pharmacists working in a public health system.Materials and Methods: Three workshops involving 67 participants were conducted at the conclusion of the course to analyze the perspective of the PSAMM course's faculty (tutors, regional coordinators, professors, and management committee) and students (pharmacists). Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats analysis and qualitative analysis methods were used.Results and Discussion: The strength dimension had the greatest number of items. The qualitative analysis resulted in six categories: the category “E-learning in continuing education” had the most cited items. Internal elements such as in-service hands-on activities directly related to the professionals' roles, course contents, faculty, and the methods to offer the course (the mixed methods and materials) were positively assessed. Nonetheless, external elements were considered critical for the course's outcomes such as investments in the infrastructure of pharmaceutical services, access to the internet, local managers' support for continuing education and innovation implementation, practice of interprofessional collaboration, and political stability. The continuing education course in the public health system was affected by internal elements such as its project and structure as well as external elements such as the sociopolitical scenario. Continuing education investment must be accompanied by infrastructure investment and coordination of services.
“…Private health care is paid for by employersponsored health insurance or some other private insurance. 44 However, because the Brazilian constitution guarantees access to health care for all its citizens, those with private health insurance coverage can, at any time, demand health care through the SUS as a matter of right. 44 This has given rise to what is termed the "judicialization of health."…”
Section: Health Care Systemsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…44 However, because the Brazilian constitution guarantees access to health care for all its citizens, those with private health insurance coverage can, at any time, demand health care through the SUS as a matter of right. 44 This has given rise to what is termed the "judicialization of health." 44 This term is used to describe the practice where Brazilian citizens with private health insurance coverage frequently take legal action against their government to demand coverage for sophisticated health care technologies and treatments through SUS when these treatments become eligible for coverage in the public sector.…”
Section: Health Care Systemsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…44 This has given rise to what is termed the "judicialization of health." 44 This term is used to describe the practice where Brazilian citizens with private health insurance coverage frequently take legal action against their government to demand coverage for sophisticated health care technologies and treatments through SUS when these treatments become eligible for coverage in the public sector. The Brazilian government has established the National Network of Technology Assessments in Health to help address this issue, taking into consideration that in 2016 the federal, state, and municipal governments spent a total of $2.25 billion handling health-related lawsuits.…”
Section: Health Care Systemsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The Brazilian government has established the National Network of Technology Assessments in Health to help address this issue, taking into consideration that in 2016 the federal, state, and municipal governments spent a total of $2.25 billion handling health-related lawsuits. 44 Primary health care in the SUS is delivered by a network of 67,000 primary care physicians, 26,000 community health workers, 38,000 primary care units, 6,690 hospitals (70% of which are private contractors), 10,463 public pharmacies, and 79,990 private pharmacies. 43 Primary health care is organized through two types of units: Unidade Ba ´sica de Sau ´de (Basic Health Units or UBS) and the Family Health Program (Programa Salud de la Familia or PSF), which was established in 1994.…”
To establish and maintain successful global pharmaceutical and health care partnerships, pharmacists, pharmacy educators, and students should first learn more about the political, cultural, economic and health care dynamics that affect all of the parties involved in these arrangements. This paper explores Latin America within the context of transnational pharmacy and health-based engagement, including pharmacy-related concepts, health care and cultural considerations, behavioral health perspectives, and common misconceptions. Expert knowledge and experience were used to support and corroborate the existing literature about cultural dynamics of health. Recommendations are provided for how schools and colleges of pharmacy can enhance engagement in culturally sensitive partnerships within Latin America. Health-based profiles of Argentina, Brazil, Ecuador, Guatemala, and Mexico are presented to serve as models for establishing, enhancing, and maintaining partnerships across Latin America.
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