Petrography and whole-rock geochemistry of Oligocene Barail Sandstones of Surma basin: Implications for tectono-provenance and paleoclimatic condition

Petrophysical and petrographic characteristics of Barail Sandstone of the Surma Basin, Bangladesh

“…The Barail sandstone formation exposed within the Dauki Fault area, and these sediments are believed to be deposited early in the collision of the Indian and Burmese submarine plates and granitoids have been deposited in the active continental margin (Borgohain et al 2020 ; Sen et al 2012 ). Borgohain et al ( 2020 ) noted that the Barail sandstone from this region is rich in quartz, poor feldspar, has lithic fragments dominated by sedimentary and metamorphic clasts and has been derived from a recycled origin. However, the analysis of the provenance by (Uddin and Lundberg 2004 ) also suggested the same conclusion and estimated that the Barail sandstone was derived from proto-Himalayan origins.…”

“…Under the Surma Group, the Oligocene Barail sandstone of medium to coarse grain might be prospective reservoir rocks, still to be analyzed. Barail sandstone is well exposed in the Upper Assam (Sen et al 2012 ) and Mizoram (Borgohain et al 2020 ; Hauhnar et al 2021 ) regions. Barail sandstone is mainly poor to moderate sorted, sub-arkose to sub-litharenite type with abundance of silica (Borgohain et al 2020 ; Hauhnar et al 2021 ; Sen et al 2012 ).…”

“…Barail sandstone is well exposed in the Upper Assam (Sen et al 2012 ) and Mizoram (Borgohain et al 2020 ; Hauhnar et al 2021 ) regions. Barail sandstone is mainly poor to moderate sorted, sub-arkose to sub-litharenite type with abundance of silica (Borgohain et al 2020 ; Hauhnar et al 2021 ; Sen et al 2012 ). Barail sandstone is moderately mature, grayish to reddish color and experienced medium to high intensity of chemical weathering in the parent rocks under humid climatic condition (Borgohain et al 2020 ) to arid (Sen et al 2012 ).…”

“…Barail sandstone is mainly poor to moderate sorted, sub-arkose to sub-litharenite type with abundance of silica (Borgohain et al 2020 ; Hauhnar et al 2021 ; Sen et al 2012 ). Barail sandstone is moderately mature, grayish to reddish color and experienced medium to high intensity of chemical weathering in the parent rocks under humid climatic condition (Borgohain et al 2020 ) to arid (Sen et al 2012 ). Barail sandstone might be derived from active upper continental area (Sen et al 2012 ; Borgohain et al 2020 ) resembling to granitic-gneisses and were deposited in active continental margin (Sen et al 2012 ).…”

“…Barail sandstone is moderately mature, grayish to reddish color and experienced medium to high intensity of chemical weathering in the parent rocks under humid climatic condition (Borgohain et al 2020 ) to arid (Sen et al 2012 ). Barail sandstone might be derived from active upper continental area (Sen et al 2012 ; Borgohain et al 2020 ) resembling to granitic-gneisses and were deposited in active continental margin (Sen et al 2012 ). These sandstones are exposed close to the border between Bangladesh and India and appear to be over-thrusted in the Dauki Fault area.…”