The Barail sandstone in the Surma Basin is a medium- to coarse-grained pinkish-colored rock exposed near the northeastern margin of Bangladesh. In this study, we evaluated the reservoir quality of the Barail sandstone based on its petrophysical and petrographic characteristics. Petrophysical analyses of outcropped samples showed that sandstones are made up of 16.48% porosity and 132.48 mD permeability. Sandstone density ranges from 1.94 g/cm3 to 2.37 g/cm3, with a mean value of 2.12 g/cm3, shown as moderately compacted sandstone. Integrated data such as bulk density, porosity, permeability, Rock Quality Index (RQI), Normalized Porosity Index (NPI), Flow Zone Indicator (FZI), compressive strength, etc. with their relationships indicate that Barail sandstone owing characters to become a good petroleum reservoir. The rock samples consisted mainly of quartz with an insignificant amount of rock fragments and plagioclase feldspar and are categorized as sub-arkose to sub-litharenite. The rock samples also contains lithic (andesine, microcline, muscovite, biotite, etc.) of granitic and gneissic fabric and some volcanic product like aguite, albite, andesine, garnet, spinel and ulvo-spinel indicating the source of nearby orogeny. The euhedral to subhedral shape of the quartz grain in a porphyritic texture, moderately sorted with a smaller amount of clay minerals indicating the moderately mature rock type. The iron oxide border around the quartz grain also indicates that the Barail sandstone was deposited under dry climatic condition.
The Tihama basin at the west coast of Yemen was studied to gain a thorough understanding of its geology and hydrocarbon potential. Literature, field data, ten deep exploration wells, five shallow stratigraphic tests and a selection of seismic data were studied, resulting in stratigraphic correlation profiles and structural sections. The study comprises a compilation of exploration data gathered by different companies since the early 1950's. A gross structural and sedimentological model for the area was the result of the study. The Miocene to Recent sedimentary suite can be divide into three units: the Pre-Evaporite, the Evaporite and the Post-Evaporite Groups. The area can be divide in six different structural elements according to the location relevant to the spreading axis of the Red Sea and to the central part of the Miocene salt basin. Potential traps abound in the Pre-Evaporite and the Evaporite Group. In the Post-Evaporite Group the hydrocarbon potential is questionable because of lack of seal. Throughout the study area the quality and degree of maturation of the source rocks appear to be highly variable.
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