PET bottle use patterns and antimony migration into bottled water and soft drinks: the case of British and Nigerian bottles

Tukur, Aminu; Sharp, Liz; Stern, Ben; Tizaoui, Chedly; Benkreira, Hadj

doi:10.1039/c2em10917d

Cited by 39 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…On the one hand, it was reported that there was no correlation between PET colour and the Sb migration potential in more than 40 and 100 water samples analysed (Shotyk et al, 2006;Shotyk et al, 2007;Tukur et al, 2012). On the other hand, Sb migration was found to be higher in water stored in dark coloured bottles than that stored in clear bottles (Reimann, Birke & Filzmoser, 2010), although the opposite effect has also been described when comparing colourless and blue bottles (Westerhoff et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Whereas a slight increase in Sb content was observed in samples stored at 60ºC, rapid release of Sb into the matrix was observed after 5-24 h of storage at 80ºC. The irradiation of samples with sunlight (either natural or simulated) also caused a small but significant increase in Sb leaching (Kerestzes et al, 2009;Tukur et al, 2012;Westerhoff et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of these, antimony trioxide (Sb 2 O 3 ) is widely used because it is efficient, presents a minimal tendency to produce side effects and does not create colour in the polymer (Duh, 2002;Aharoni, 1998). The use of this catalyst can lead to residual Sb contents ranging from 200 to 300 mg·kg -1 (Keresztes, Tatár, Mihucz, Virág, Majdik & Záray, 2009;Shotyk, Krachler & Chen, 2006;Shotyk & Krachler, 2007;Tukur, Sharp, Stern, Tizaoui & Benkreira, 2012;Welle & Franz, 2011;Westerhoff, Prapaipong, Shock & Hillaireau, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All studies showed that the Sb concentration in mineral water increased over time by 25-90%. However, the maximum concentration limit was not exceeded in any case (Kerestzes et al, 2009;Shotyk et al, 2007;Tukur et al, 2012;Westerhoff et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Migration of antimony from polyethylene terephthalate used in mineral water bottles

et al. 2015

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The influence of storage time and temperature on Sb migration from PET bottles into mineral water was studied in short-term tests lasting up to 15 days and long-term studies lasting up to 220 days. Samples purchased were stored in three different coloured bottles: clear (CL), light blue (LB) and dark blue (DB). Sb migration was assayed by HG-AFS for total determination and HPLC-ICP-MS for speciation analysis. Migration studies showed that waters stored at 4 and 20ºC were not subject to Sb migration. At 40ºC there was a significant increase in Sb concentration, although the maximum limit established by the European Union (5.0 µg L -1 ) was not exceeded, whereas at 60ºC samples were subject to considerable Sb migration after 30 days of storage. In this case, the maximum limit established by the European Union was exceeded and both Sb (V) and Sb (III) were detected.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Migration of antimony from polyethylene terephthalate used in mineral water bottles

et al. 2015

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“…39 Plastik materyalden gıdalara antimon geçişlerinin araştırıldığı bir çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre, özellikle bekleme sü-resinin uzadığı durumlarda antimonun plastik malzemeden gıdalara geçtiği tespit edilmiştir. 40 Selenyum içeriğinin açıkta satılan ürünler grubunda ambalajlı ürünlere göre yüksek seviyede olduğu, açıkta satılan kaşarların diğer tüm gruplardan daha yüksek miktarda selenyum içerdiği saptanmıştır. Ambalajlı satılan ürünler benzer selenyum seviyesine sahiptir ancak, en düşük seviye meyveli yoğurtlardadır.…”

Section: Gereç Ve Yöntemlerunclassified

Heavy Metal Contamination in Milk and Dairy Products

Istanbulluoglu¹,

Ogur²,

Tekbaş³

et al. 2013

Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci

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410üt, dişi memeli hayvanların süt bezlerinde yavrularını beslemek amacıyla üretilmektedir. Sütten elde edilen çeşitli gıdalara "süt ürünleri" adı verilmekte, peynir, kaymak, yoğurt gibi gıdalar "süt ürünleri" baş- Süt ve Süt ÜrünlerindeAğır Metal Kirliliği Ö ÖZ ZE ET T A Am ma aç ç: : Kadmiyum, kurşun, cıva ve arsenik gibi önemli toksik ağır metaller insan sağlığı için bir tehdit olarak kabul edilmektedir. Süt ve süt ürünlerinde ağır metal kirliliği özellikle çevre koşullarına bağlı ise de, üretim süreci sırasındaki çeşitli faktörler sebebiyle de bulaşma olabileceği kabul edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada ülkemizde satışa sunulan süt ve süt ürünlerinde ağır metal seviyelerinin tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. G Ge er re eç ç v ve e Y Yö ön nt te em ml le er r: : Bu çalışma Ankara'daki büyük marketlerde satışa sunulan ambalajlı sütler ve süt ürünleri ile Ankara'da semt pazarlarından ve seyyar satıcılardan toplanmış açıkta satılan sütler ve süt ürünlerini kapsamaktadır. Ambalajlı süt ürünleri beyaz peynir, kaşar peyniri ve meyveli yoğurttan, açıkta satılan süt ürünleri beyaz peynir ve kaşar peynirinden oluşmaktadır. Süt ve süt ürünlerinde; cıva, arsenik, kadmiyum, selenyum, baryum ve antimon ağır metallerinin miktarı araştırılmıştır. B Bu ul lg gu ul la ar r: : Ürünler, açıkta ve ambalajlı satılanlar olarak gruplanmış ve ağır metal içeriklerinin dağılımları incelenmiştir. Ambalajlı ürünlerde, baryum, kadmiyum, cıva, antimon ve arsenik içeriği açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı fark saptanmıştır (sırasıyla p= 0,01; 0,034; 0,044; <0,01 ve <0,01). Açıkta satılan ürünlerde baryum, cıva ve arsenik içeriği açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı fark bulunmaktadır (p<0,01). S So on nu uç ç: : Süt ve süt ürünleri ile ilgili ciddi bir denetim mekanizması geliştirilmelidir. Toplum sağlığını tehdit eden ürünlerin satışı engellenmelidir.A An na ah ht ta ar r K Ke el li im me el le er r: : Süt; süt ürünleri; metaller, ağır A AB BS ST TR RA AC CT T O Ob bj je ec ct ti iv ve e: : Heavy metals like cadmium, lead, mercury and arsenic are the major toxic heavy metals posing a threat to human health. Heavy metal content of milk and dairy products are usually due to various environmental conditions, but the contamination may occur during the production process due to various factors. The aim of this study is to detect the levels of some heavy metals in milk and dairy products. M Ma at te er ri ia al l a an nd d M Me et th ho od ds s: : The present study is includes packaged milk and dairy products offered for sale in the big supermarkets and street-vended milk and dairy products collected from the open street markets and street vendors in Ankara. Packaged dairy products studied consisted of white cheese, kashar cheese and fruit yogurt while street-vended dairy products were white cheese and kashar cheese. The levels of mercury, arsenic, cadmium, selenium, barium and antimony were analyzed in milk and dairy products. R Re es su ul lt ts s: : Heavy metal content distributions of packaged and street-vended products are analyzed. Significant differe...

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Poly(ethylene terephthalate) synthesis catalysed by chelated Sn, Zn and Mg complexes

Hubená

Růžičková

Holubová

et al. 2015

Applied Organom Chemis

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A series of four C,N‐chelated diorganotin(IV) compounds, namely (LCN)2Sn(OCH2CH2O) (1), [LCNBuSn(OCH2CH2O)]2 (2), (LCN)2Sn(1,2‐(O)2‐3,5‐tBu2C6H2) (3) and [LCNBuSn(1,2‐(O)2‐3,5‐tBu2C6H2)]2 (4) (LCN = 2‐(Me2NCH2)C6H4), one zinc species, namely LNOZnEt (5) (LNO = [2‐(MeO)C6H4]NC(Me)C(H)C(Me)O), and one magnesium complex, namely [LNNMg]6 (6), (LNN = [2‐(Me2NCH2)C6H4]N), were used as catalysts for the synthesis of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) from dimethyl terephthalate and ethylene glycol. Prepared PET samples were primarily characterized using the size exclusion chromatography technique. The highest number‐average molar mass of prepared PET samples reached 10.7 kg mol−1. Novel dimeric compound 2 was structurally characterized using both multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction analysis. In addition, an alternative synthesis of 1 is described. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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PET bottle use patterns and antimony migration into bottled water and soft drinks: the case of British and Nigerian bottles

Cited by 39 publications

References 22 publications

Migration of antimony from polyethylene terephthalate used in mineral water bottles

Migration of antimony from polyethylene terephthalate used in mineral water bottles

Heavy Metal Contamination in Milk and Dairy Products

Poly(ethylene terephthalate) synthesis catalysed by chelated Sn, Zn and Mg complexes

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