Pesticide Effect on Faunal Composition, Abundance, and Body Length of Spiders (Araneae) in Apple Orchards

Wiśniewska, Joanna; Prokopy, Ronald J.

doi:10.1093/ee/26.4.763

Cited by 32 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Comparisons of the weekly captures did not reveal a difference between the seasonal population dynamics on study plots. Similar results were also obtained by Wisniewska and Prokopy (1997a) who studied spider populations in two IPM systems. Such results are in contrast to studies centred upon the comparison of the conventional and IPM systems where marked differences in the density of spiders were observed ( Olszak et al., 1992; Miliczky et al., 2000).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

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Spiders (Araneae) in the biological and integrated pest management of apple in the Czech Republic

Pekár

Kocourek

2004

J Applied Entomology

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Two management systems, biological and integrated, were compared to control the major pest, codling moth (Cydia pomonella) in apple orchards. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of these two systems on arboreal spiders. The biological system was based on the use of biological preparations, whereas in the integrated system selective pesticides were employed. The control plot had no pesticide treatment. The abundance of spiders was similar in all study plots during 3 years of study. Diversity, however, was higher in the biological plot than in the control and the integrated plots, suggesting that the response of spiders to management was guild-specific. Four spider families dominanted in all plots: Araneidae (orb weavers), Theridiidae (space-web weavers), and Philodromidae and Thomisidae (ambushers). While Araneidae and Thomisidae were similarly abundant on all plots, the density of Theridiidae and Philodromidae differed. In the integrated plot there were significantly more theridiid spiders, whereas in the control plot philodromid spiders were significantly more abundant. On the biological plot, the two families were similarly abundant. These differences were attributed to different age of trees in the control and treated plots, different prey spectrum, different susceptibility of the two families to applied chemicals and intraguild predation of theridiids by philodromids.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Spiders are important predators of various insect pests of apple ( Wisniewska and Prokopy , 1997a), and one of the most abundant natural enemies in apple orchards. Several studies conducted in Europe (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spiders (Araneae) in the biological and integrated pest management of apple in the Czech Republic

Pekár

Kocourek

2004

J Applied Entomology

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“…A similar decrease in spider relative abundance and diversity occurs in apple orchards treated with broad‐spectrum insecticides as compared with orchards under integrated or organic management (Bostanian et al. 1984; Wisniewska and Prokopy 1997; Pekár 1999b; Bogya et al. 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Effects of kaolin on the composition of generalist predator assemblages and parasitism of Choristoneura rosaceana (Lep., Tortricidae) in apple orchards

Sackett

Buddle

Vincent

2007

J Applied Entomology

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In three apple orchards, we tested how the hydrophilic kaolin clay particle film Surround WP affected the diversity of generalist arthropod predator assemblages in orchard foliage and the parasitism of the pest species Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris) (obliquebanded leafroller) (Lep., Tortricidae). In two orchards, kaolin was applied to orchard foliage once a week for 4 weeks, between mid-June and mid-July in 2004 and 2005. In the third orchard kaolin was applied to foliage twice over 2 weeks in June 2004. We quantified the proportion of larvae C. rosaceana parasitized, larval populations, and the relative abundance and assemblage composition of generalist predators (spiders and insects) in the orchards. Kaolin altered the species composition of the generalist predator assemblages and reduced the relative abundances of certain generalist predators, most notably jumping and crab spiders (Salticidae and Philodromidae), assassin bugs (Reduviidae), ants (Formicidae) and coccinellids (Coccinellidae). In contrast, the relative abundances of web-spinning spiders (Araneidae, Dictynidae, Theridiidae) were not affected. Kaolin did not affect the proportion of parasitized C. rosaceana larvae, which ranged from 24% to 47% in control and kaolin treatments, or the relative proportions of parasitoid taxa. The kaolin formulation did not affect the abundance of C. rosaceana larvae, but in one orchard, kaolin did reduce the abundance of the combined numbers of C. rosaceana and another tortricid pest, Argyrotaenia velutiana. Although kaolin does not affect parasitism of C. rosaceana, it significantly changes the composition of generalist predator assemblages in orchard foliage.

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“…Higher proportions of non-crop habitat and greater heterogeneity of the landscape influence dispersal into crops and are correlated with the persistence of populations and higher abundance and species richness of ground-dwelling spiders in agricultural fields (Halley et al 1996;Clough et al 2005;Schmidt and Tscharntke 2005;Thorbek and Topping 2005;Isaia et al 2006). Within a crop, spider populations are affected by disturbance through insecticide applications (Bostanian et al 1984;Wisniewska and Prokopy 1997;Pekár 1999aPekár , 1999bBajwa and Aliniazee 2001) and harvesting (Samu and Szinetár 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparisons of the composition of foliage-dwelling spider assemblages in apple orchards and adjacent deciduous forest

2008

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Pesticide Effect on Faunal Composition, Abundance, and Body Length of Spiders (Araneae) in Apple Orchards

Cited by 32 publications

References 0 publications

Spiders (Araneae) in the biological and integrated pest management of apple in the Czech Republic

Spiders (Araneae) in the biological and integrated pest management of apple in the Czech Republic

Effects of kaolin on the composition of generalist predator assemblages and parasitism of Choristoneura rosaceana (Lep., Tortricidae) in apple orchards

Comparisons of the composition of foliage-dwelling spider assemblages in apple orchards and adjacent deciduous forest

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