Pertarungan Populisme Islam dalam Pemilihan Presiden 2019

Abstract

Pilpres 2019 menjadi panggung betapa populisme agama begitu terekpresi sebagai strategi menggaet pemilih. Baik Jokowi dan Prabowo sadar bahwa menonjolkan aspek religiutas melalui strategi politik yang tepat akan memperbesar peluang kemenangan. Tulisan ini berupaya melihat karakteristik penggunaan populisme Islam Jokowi dan Prabowo beserta hasil elektoral yang diperoleh. Dengan menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitaif yang bersifat studi literatur., penulis mengandalkan data-data yang didapatkan melalui studi kepustakaan baik berupa buku, jurnal, koran, majalah, internet dan Website Komisi Pemilihan Umum (KPU) yang mampu memberikan informasi kunci mengenai operasionalisasi populisme Islam Jokowi dan Prabowo. Penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa populisme Islam Jokowi menang karena menguatnya dukungan Nahdatul Ulama (NU) dan kaum nasionalis sehingga unggul telak di Jawa Tengah dan Jawa Timur serta daerah-daerah mayoritas non muslim, diantaranya Papua, Papua Barat, Sulawesi Utara, NTT dan Bali. Sebaliknya Prabowo unggul telak di daerah dengan basis islam kental (puritanisme), seperti Aceh, Sumatera Barat, Kalimantan Selatan, Jawa Barat dan Banten. Pilpres 2019 menunjukan bahwa populisme agama cukup berkontribusi bagi kemenangan kandidat politik sehingga sangat mungkin di masa depan sentimen identitas seperti ini terus diadopsi.

Functioning Expressive Speech Acts in the 2019 Indonesian Presidential Election Debates

“…As Moslems, both candidates wanted to get the sympathy of Moslem voters. Therefore, both Jokowi and Prabowo were aware that performing religious aspects, including Islamic greetings, would make the opportunity to win bigger (Sihidi, Roziqin, & Suhermanto, 2020). They both could not also deny that other voters from other religious followers were also significant.…”

“…The regrets were the reflection of the speaker's sympathy for people. Prabowo was trying to position himself as the people's hero, so that he was famous in Muslim voters and lower-class society (Sihidi et al, 2020).…”

Electoral Behavior in The Electability of Presidential and Vice Presidential Candidates in The 2019 Elections

“…The base is so entrenched in West Java that religious factors are still the flagship for Prabowo. (Sihidi et al, 2020). This is still a contributing factor to maintaining votes for Prabowo in Ibun from 2014 to 2019.…”

“…The ambience of family politics, such as parents' political choices (father and mother) will influence the child's political choices. Such situations may include housing, social class, demographic characteristics, including beliefs (Uusitalo et al, 1993). According to Franklin as quoted by (Lipset, S, 1995), it is stated that some sociological ties like this theoretically are still related to the behavior of choosing (Lipset, S, 1995).…”

The Political Role of the Survey Agency in Indonesia Democracy

“…After the New Order, Indonesia's political system underwent many changes. Amid the Old Order, the political system implemented -although using the term democracyturned out to be predominantly authoritarian (Sihidi et al, 2020;Rakhmani, 2014: Susanto, 2019. Since Soekarno implemented the Decree of 5 July 1959, which contained the dissolution of the Constituent Body; the return of the 1945 Constitution and the invalidity of the 1950 Provisional Constitution; and the formation of the Temporary People's Consultative Assembly (MPRS) and Temporary Supreme Advisory Council (DPAS), the Indonesian political system changed from Liberal Democracy to Guided Democracy, which in practice contradicted the values of Liberal Democracy and placed Soekarno at the top of power (Choi, 2007) Alfian described the political conditions during the Guided Democracy period.…”