Personalized Nanovaccine Coated with Calcinetin-Expressed Cancer Cell Membrane Antigen for Cancer Immunotherapy

Abstract

A cancer vaccine has been widely applied in clinical tumor therapy as one of the main strategies of immunotherapy. However, the traditional cancer vaccine for a single antigen has a low benefit rate due to the individual differences in patients. Here, we report a R837-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanovaccine coated with a calcinetin (CRT)-expressed cancer cell membrane antigen for immunotherapy. The cell membrane antigen that possessed a complete antigen array was obtained by inducing immunogenic cell death in vitro, avoiding the severe systemic toxicity of chemotherapy in vivo. The nanovaccine codelivers the adjuvant R837 and the Luc-4T1 membrane antigen, triggering a personalized immune response to the corresponding tumor. Moreover, the calcinetin exposed on the surface of the nanovaccine induces the active uptake of dendritic cells, consequently enhancing the antitumor effect. Meanwhile, the nanovaccine activates immune memory cells to provide long-term protection. Our work provides a new strategy for a clinical personalized antitumor vaccine.

A tumor cell membrane-coated self-amplified nanosystem as a nanovaccine to boost the therapeutic effect of anti-PD-L1 antibody

“…CRT exposure on the cell membrane activates DCs to present and process antigens, acting as a promising immune adjuvant [ 41 , 42 ]. The function of the cell membranes with over-expressed CRT was evaluated after culture of the cell membrane with BMDCs and RAW 264.7 cells.…”

Immune-regulating camouflaged nanoplatforms: A promising strategy to improve cancer nano-immunotherapy

“…8 A). In another case, Xiong and his colleagues developed an R837-loaded PLGA nanovaccine coated with a CRT-expressed cancer cell membrane antigen for immunotherapy [ 131 ]. To obtain CRT-expressed tumor cell membrane antigens, Luc-4T1 cells were incubated with a DOX-containing medium to induce the ICD of tumor cells.…”

Nanovaccines for Cancer Prevention and Immunotherapy: An Update Review

“…Following vaccination, a personalized anti-tumor immune response was induced. The exposed calcinetin on the surface of the nanovaccine improved the antigen uptake of DCs, enhanced the effectiveness of anti-tumor responses and activated immune memory cells for long-term protection [ 109 ].…”