Personality correlates and utilitarian judgments in the everyday context: Psychopathic traits and differential effects of empathy, social dominance orientation, and dehumanization beliefs

Takamatsu, Reina

doi:10.1016/j.paid.2019.03.029

Cited by 16 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Here, we expect that analysts high in SDO will show a weaker tendency to endorse deontological responses to the intelligence dilemmas. Indeed, there is evidence that higher scores in SDO are associated with a decreased preference for deontological resolutions and an increased tendency to violate moral principles to achieve greater desirable goals (Bostyn et al, 2016;Takamatsu, 2019;Wilson, 2003). The desire to protect the state or a company against threats posed by outgroup organizations, or to better serve the state or the company by disseminating useful knowledge, may sometimes be weighed more than respecting deontological rules of one's own profession.…”

Section: Social Dominance Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Social dominance orientation predicts civil and military intelligence analysts’ utilitarian responses to ethics-of-intelligence dilemmas

Margoni

Pili

2021

Curr Psychol

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What is the real ethical framework of an intelligence analyst? We addressed this question by presenting a group of civil and military intelligence analysts (N = 41), and a control group of non-professionals (N = 41), with a set of dilemmas depicting intelligence agents facing the decision whether to violate a deontological rule where that would benefit their work (ethics-of-intelligence dilemmas). Participants judged how much violating the rule was acceptable. Next, we measured participants’ individual differences in social dominance orientation (using the Social Dominance Orientation scale which measures the proclivity to endorse intergroup hierarchy and anti-egalitarianism), their deontological and utilitarian response tendencies (using classical moral dilemmas), and how much they value rule conformity, traditions, and safety and stability in the society (using the Value Survey). A multiple regression analysis revealed that, among all the factors, only social dominance significantly helped explain variability in intelligence analysts’ but not non-professionals’ resolutions of the ethics-of-intelligence dilemmas. Specifically, social dominance positively predicted the tendency to judge violating the deontological rule acceptable, possibly suggesting that analysts who show a stronger proclivity to desire their country or company to prevail over others are also more lenient toward deontological violations if these result in a greater good for the state or the company. For the first time in the open literature, we elucidated some key aspects of the real ethics of intelligence.

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Section: Social Dominance Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Social dominance orientation predicts civil and military intelligence analysts’ utilitarian responses to ethics-of-intelligence dilemmas

Margoni

Pili

2021

Curr Psychol

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“…Empathy listening is selfless because as a counselor, set yourself aside because they focus your attention on the counselor (Esménio et al, 2019;Graf, Yanagida, & Spiel, 2019;Laing & Frost, 2019;Meconi, Doro, Schiano Lamoriello, Mastella, & Sessa, 2019;Takamatsu, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Description of empathetic listening of school counselors on the counseling among problematic students

Fitri

Mamesah

Safitri

2019

JIK

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This survey research aims to get information about the desctiption of empathetic listening of school counselor on the counseling process. The study population was school counselor of State Senior High School throughout East Jakarta, and the samples in the study were 106. Sampling used proportional random sampling technique. The research method used is a descriptive survey. Data collection used a questionnaire/questionnaire comprising 42 items with the reliability test results got 0.9405, which mean reliable. The results of the study showed that most empathetic listening school counselor on the counseling among problematic the moderate category. This means that school counselor can quite empathize when listening to problematic students. However. School counselor aged 41-50 years have a decrease in empathy and empathy for female higher than men, so counseling training is need.

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“…Cognitive empathy is a more effortful, conscious process that involves perspective taking and actively imagining and considering the emotional state of another (Reniers et al, 2011). The researchers concluded that their results support the dual-process theory of moral decision-making (Takamatsu, 2019). This study suggests that certain factors, such as the extent to which emotions are felt or considered, that influence responses to variations of the trolley problem may also influence responses to everyday moral dilemmas, and that the dual-process theory may extend to these types of moral scenarios as well.…”

Section: Real-life Moral Dilemmasmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…One friend must be excluded to make the five friends' goal a possibility. A second dilemma involved harm in the form of job termination (Takamatsu, 2019). After responding to the two dilemmas, participants completed measures of psychopathic traits and of cognitive and affective empathy.…”

Section: Real-life Moral Dilemmasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Takamatsu et al presented adult participants with scenario vignettes in which the potential harm to single individuals was either hurt feelings or the loss of one's job. These sources of harm had to be balanced against the completion of a group goal, successfully climbing a mountain, or bettering the chances of other individuals to be awarded a promotion at work (Takamatsu et al, 2019). The present study will present individuals with an everyday scenario based on the mountain climbing vignette used by Takamatsu et al that has been adapted to be more relevant to children.…”

Section: Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Utilitarian Decisions In Monolingual And Bilingual Children

Gozzo¹

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Thank you to Professor Anna Shusterman for introducing me to the fascinating world of language and thought research three years ago, and for allowing me to explore one of its many facets with this thesis.Thank you to Emma Trapani, Julia Galligani, Sophia Sciarappa, and Claudia Ferrara, for all of your help with recruiting, scheduling, and running the study.Thank you to all of the families who participated in this study over Zoom during this unusual time. This study would not have been possible without your participation.Finally, thank you to my family and friends for all of your support and encouragement: to my parents, my brothers, Tia, and Hunter.

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Personality correlates and utilitarian judgments in the everyday context: Psychopathic traits and differential effects of empathy, social dominance orientation, and dehumanization beliefs

Cited by 16 publications

References 75 publications

Social dominance orientation predicts civil and military intelligence analysts’ utilitarian responses to ethics-of-intelligence dilemmas

Social dominance orientation predicts civil and military intelligence analysts’ utilitarian responses to ethics-of-intelligence dilemmas

Description of empathetic listening of school counselors on the counseling among problematic students

Utilitarian Decisions In Monolingual And Bilingual Children

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