Personality and self-rated health across eight cohort studies

Stéphan, Yannick; Sutin, Angelina R.; Luchetti, Martina; Hognon, Louis; Canada, Brice; Terracciano, Antonio

doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113245

Cited by 36 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…However, most of these associations have been found in cross-sectional studies. The few studies investigating personality as a predictor of change in SRH showed inconsistent findings (Hampson et al, 2016; Löckenhoff et al, 2012; Stephan et al, 2020).…”

Section: Neuroticism Conscientiousness and Srhmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do neuroticism and conscientiousness interact with health conditions in predicting 4-year changes in self-rated health among Swedish older adults?

Henning¹,

Berg²,

Cengia³

et al. 2021

Psychology and Aging

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Health conditions such as higher disease burden, pain, or lower functional health are associated with poorer self-rated health (SRH) in older age. Poorer SRH, in turn, is a predictor of morbidity and mortality. Personality traits are associated with SRH as well, but little is known about the interaction of personality and health conditions. In the present preregistered analyses, we used five annual waves of the Health, Aging and Retirement Transitions in Sweden (HEARTS) study (N = 5,823, M age = 63.09, SD = 2.01) to investigate the associations of personality (neuroticism and conscientiousness) and physical health indices (disease burden, pain, and functional limitations) with levels and change in SRH. In addition, we tested Personality × Health interaction effects. We found that higher neuroticism and lower conscientiousness were related to lower levels of SRH, but not to change in SRH after controlling for the health indices. Personality did not moderate the effect of health indices on levels and change in SRH. Exploratory analyses showed that high scores of neuroticism may augment the association of increased pain and functional limitations with declines in SRH. Additional studies with other samples are needed to test if this result can be replicated. Taken together, our findings provide only weak evidence for interaction effects of personality and physical health factors on SRH. More research is needed to understand the interplay of physical and psychological factors in shaping individual SRH.

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Section: Neuroticism Conscientiousness and Srhmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do neuroticism and conscientiousness interact with health conditions in predicting 4-year changes in self-rated health among Swedish older adults?

Henning¹,

Berg²,

Cengia³

et al. 2021

Psychology and Aging

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show abstract

“…Importantly, self-rated health provides an individual's perspective on how they view their health within the context of their environment. General assessments of health are related to individual factors such as personality [19] as well as population differences and health disparities [20]. Misperception of poor health has been a focus in health education, with the idea that if individuals have a more accurate perception, then they will act upon this information differently and for the better [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Reported Olfactory Dysfunction and Diet Quality: Findings from the 2011–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)

et al. 2021

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We identified associations between self-reported olfactory dysfunction (OD) and dietary attributes in participants aged ≥40 years (n = 6,356) from the nationally representative 2011–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The chemosensory questionnaire and 24-h dietary recalls were administered by trained interviewers. OD was defined as self-report of either smell problems in the last year, worse smell relative to age 25, or perceiving phantom odors. Dietary outcomes included Healthy Eating Index 2015 score (HEI) with adequacy and moderation components (higher scores indicated higher diet quality), dietary diversity, energy density, and intake of major food groups. Survey-weighted linear regression models estimated OD–diet associations, adjusting for socio-demographic, lifestyle, and clinical factors. Adjusted mean difference (95% CI) between those with versus without OD, showed that adults with OD had significantly lower HEI moderation score (−0.67 (−1.22, −0.11)) and diets higher in energy density (0.06 (0.00, 0.11)), and percent energy from saturated fat (0.47 (0.12, 0.81)), total fat (0.96 (0.22, 1.70)), and added sugar (1.00 (0.33, 1.66)). Age and sex-stratified analyses showed that younger females (40–64 years) primarily accounted for the associations with diet quality and total/saturated fat intake. These findings inform dietary screening and recommendations for adults who report OD, including those experiencing transient or persistent smell loss with COVID-19.

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“…Moreover, personality factors are associated with depressive symptoms 16 which could contribute to functional decline 17 . Furthermore, personality factors are associated with other health‐related factors such as self‐rated health or chronic illnesses 18,19 which could have an impact on functional impairments 20,21 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality and functional impairment. Evidence from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe

Hajek

König

2021

Psychogeriatrics

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Background To date, only a few studies have investigated the association between personality and functional impairment. Therefore, our purpose was to add to this knowledge. Methods Data from wave 7 of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) were used (70 028 individuals in the analytical sample). Personality was measured using the 10‐item Big Five Inventory (BFI‐10). Functional impairment was quantified using activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) indices. Multiple linear regressions were conducted. Results Regressions showed that an increased likelihood of limitations in ADL was associated with higher extraversion, higher agreeableness, lower conscientiousness, higher neuroticism, and higher openness to experience. Similarly, an increased likelihood of limitations in IADL was associated with higher agreeableness, lower conscientiousness, higher neuroticism, and higher openness to experience (only with one IADL index). Conclusions This knowledge of associations between personality and functional limitations may help in determining individuals at risk for increased functional impairment (e.g., individuals with low conscientiousness or high neuroticism). Future research is needed to clarify the underlying mechanisms.

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Personality and self-rated health across eight cohort studies

Cited by 36 publications

References 43 publications

Do neuroticism and conscientiousness interact with health conditions in predicting 4-year changes in self-rated health among Swedish older adults?

Do neuroticism and conscientiousness interact with health conditions in predicting 4-year changes in self-rated health among Swedish older adults?

Self-Reported Olfactory Dysfunction and Diet Quality: Findings from the 2011–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)

Personality and functional impairment. Evidence from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe

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