Perovskite Photovoltaics: Rare Functions of Organo Lead Halide in Solar Cells and Optoelectronic Devices

Organic Photodetectors in Analytical Applications

“…Moreover, the performance parameters of such PDs are comparable to or better than those reported for organic and vacuum deposited inorganic PDs [101][102][103][104][105][106]. Figure 13 shows a general structure of a perovskite-based device and its energy diagram.…”

Fabrication and characterization of perovskite-based CH3NH3Pb1-xGexI3, CH3NH3Pb1-xTlxI3 and CH3NH3Pb1-xInxI3 photovoltaic devices

“…Halide perovskite CH3NH3PbI3 solar cells combined with mesoporous TiO2 and hole transport layers provided high efficiencies [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. The conversion efficiencies strongly depend on the structures and fabrication process such as doping, annealing, spin-coating and others [18,19].…”

“…The photovoltaic properties of the solar cells strongly depend on the crystal structures and the compositions of the perovskite compounds, and the structure analysis of the perovskite compounds is an important issue [20,21]. Halogen and metal atom doping such as chlorine (Cl) and tin (Sn) at the iodine (I) and lead (Pb) sites in the perovskite compounds have been studied, respectively [10,[15][16][17]21]. Especially, studies on atom doping at the Pb sites have been carried out for the Pb-free devices [22,23], and a detailed search on the metal doping at the Pb sites is interesting for both Pb-free devices and effects on photovoltaic properties [24].…”

Open-circuit Voltage Loss in CH3NH3SnI3 Perovskite Solar Cells

“…Organicinorganic perovskite solar cells based on lead halides (CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3¹x Cl x ) have attracted much attention of many researchers owing to their superior optical and electronic properties, such as high absorption coefficient and charge carrier mobility, small exciton binding energy, and long diffusion length of charge carriers. 13 Moreover, they have shown a steep increase in the power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 3.8% in 2009 4 to more than 22% in 2016 5,6 and hence are recently considered as a promising next-generation photovoltaic device. However, the use of toxic material (Pb) still remains a major obstacle for the commercialization of these devices.…”

“…13 Moreover, they have shown a steep increase in the power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 3.8% in 2009 4 to more than 22% in 2016 5,6 and hence are recently considered as a promising next-generation photovoltaic device. However, the use of toxic material (Pb) still remains a major obstacle for the commercialization of these devices.…”