Peripheral refraction in Japanese schoolchildren with low to moderate myopia

Furuse, Takashi; Hasebe, Shinji; Tokutake, Tomoki

doi:10.1007/s10384-021-00880-2

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The relative peripheral refraction at 10° T, 10° N, and 20° N significantly differed between the myopic and non-myopic groups. These results are consistent with previously reported data [13][14]18] , which showed that relative peripheral hyperopia might correlate with myopia onset; however, it is unclear if this relationship is causal or merely a correlation, at least in our 2-year follow-up study. Our study showed that in all non-myopic eyes, the relative peripheral refraction only increased at 20° T in 2y, of which H0-H2 and E0-E2 subgroups had comparable variation in central refraction and a similar trend in relative peripheral refraction change.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…Third, accommodation might also be a factor related to peripheral refraction [27][28] , and the effects of accommodation of the peripheral retina on myopia onset and progression remain to be studied. Our results here are in line with those of other studies on peripheral refraction and reveal hyperopic changes in relative peripheral refraction in children who became myopic [7,15,18,20,29] . Our findings suggested that relative peripheral hyperopia at 10° N may predict the occurrence of myopia in 14 to 16-yearold Chinese students, although the exact reason was unknown.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Our findings indicated that changes in relative peripheral refraction increased as the changes in central refraction increased, which was similar to the study by Atchison et al [13] that significant differences in relative peripheral refraction were found between the H1-H2 and H1-E2 subgroups at follow-up, inferring that relative peripheral hyperopia also accompanied a decrease in central hyperopia. However, our study did not find a significant difference in relative peripheral refraction between the H0-H2 and H0-E2 subgroups, probably because of the small sample size, which is a limitation of this research, similar to previous reports [18][19] . Our study also found that the relative peripheral refraction at 20° N showed the most obvious difference between eyes that became myopic and the eyes in the three non-myopic subgroups, which is similar to some other studies [13,20] .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

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Relative peripheral refraction and its role in myopia onset in teenage students

Qi¹,

Wang²,

Zhao³

et al. 2022

Int J Ophthalmol

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AIM: To characterize peripheral refraction and its relationship with myopia development in a selected group of male teenage Chinese students. METHODS: This 2-year prospective cohort study randomly enrolled 85 non-myopic boys (age, 14-16y) from the Experimental Class of Air Force in China. Cycloplegic peripheral refraction was examined at 0°, ±10°, and ±20° along the horizontal visual field in the right eye at the baseline and 2-year follow-up. RESULTS: The incidence of myopia at the 2-year follow-up was 15.29% (13/85). The baseline central refraction (CR) and peripheral refraction at ±10° were significantly lower in students who developed myopia than in those who did not (P<0.05). Relative peripheral refraction (RPR) did not differ between students with and without myopia (P>0.05). At the 2-year follow-up, the RPR at ±10° and 20° nasal was significantly more hyperopic in the myopic group than in the non-myopic group. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that the change in CR was significantly correlated with the changes in RPR at 20° nasal, 10° nasal, and 20° temporal. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that the baseline CR [odds ratio (OR): 0.092, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.012-0.688, P=0.020] and the baseline RPR at 10° nasal (OR: 0.182, 95%CI: 0.042-0.799, P=0.024) were significantly correlated with incident myopia (Omnibus test, χ2=10.20, P=0.006). CONCLUSION: CR change is significantly correlated with changes in RPR, and students who develop myopia have more relative peripheral hyperopia. More baseline CR and relative peripheral hyperopia at 10° nasal are protective of myopia onset.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Relative peripheral refraction and its role in myopia onset in teenage students

Qi¹,

Wang²,

Zhao³

et al. 2022

Int J Ophthalmol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…One of the current hypotheses is peripheral defocus theory [36][37][38] , which have been shown in animal studies that peripheral myopic defocus could modulate not only peripheral ocular growth, but also axial growth [39] . However, recent investigations in humans have failed to find the correlation between peripheral refraction and myopia progression [40] . The peripheral myopic shift induced by ortho-k has the following characteristics: first, the range and power of the peripheral defocus across the retina caused by ortho-k remained stable, as the corneal morphology stabilizes after 1mo of ortho-k lens wear.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photopic pupil size change in myopic orthokeratology and its influence on axial length elongation

Zhu¹,

Du²,

He³

et al. 2022

Int J Ophthalmol

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AIM: To explore the photopic pupil size behavior in myopic children undergoing overnight orthokeratology (ortho-k) over 1-year period and its effects on the axial elongation. METHODS: A total of 202 Chinese myopic children were enrolled in this prospective clinical trial. Ninety-five subjects in ortho-k group and eighty-eight subjects in spectacle group completed the 1-year study. Axial length (AL) was measured before enrollment and every 6mo after the start of ortho-k. The photopic pupil diameter (PPD) was determined using the Pentacam AXL and measured in an examination room with lighting of 300-310 Lx. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify variables contribution to axial elongation. RESULTS: Compared with spectacle group, the average 1-year axial elongation was significantly slower in the ortho-k group (0.25±0.27 vs 0.44±0.23 mm, P<0.0001). In ortho-k group, PPDs significantly decreased from 4.21±0.62 mm to 3.94±0.53 mm after 1mo of lens wear (P=0.001, Bonferroni correction) and the change lasts for 3-month visit. No significantly change during the other follow-up visits was found (P>0.05, Bonferroni correction). The 4.81 mm PPD may be a possible cutoff point in the ortho-k group. Subjects with PPD below or equal to 4.81 mm tended to have smaller axial elongation compared to subjects with PPD above 4.81 mm after 1-year period (t=-3.09, P=0.003). In ortho-k group, univariate analyses indicated that those with older age, greater degree of myopia, longer AL, smaller baseline PPD (PPDbaseline) experienced a smaller change in AL. In multivariate analyses, older age, greater AL and smaller PPDbaseline were associated with smaller increases in AL. In spectacle group, PPD tended to be stable (P>0.05, Bonferroni correction) and did not affect axial growth. CONCLUSION: PPDs experience significantly decreases at 1-month and 3-month ortho-k treatment. Children with smaller PPD tend to experience slower axial elongation and may benefit more from ortho-k.

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“…The magnitude of the hyperopic shift was similar to that reported in other studies. 7,[31][32][33] We found asymmetry between nasal and temporal eccentricities at the same peripheral location for each lighting condition, although the result was not significant (all p > 0.89). Marcellán et al 34 recently reported that the RPR was less hyperopic for the TVF than the NVF, but again, the difference was not statistically significant.…”

Section: Rpr Across the Visual Field For Each Lighting Conditionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Peripheral refraction under different levels of illuminance

Marcellán Vidosa,

Remón,

Ávila

2023

Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic

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Peripheral refraction is believed to be involved in the development of myopia. The aim of this study was to compare the relative peripheral refraction (RPR) at four different levels of illuminance, ranging from photopic conditions to complete darkness, using an open‐field autorefraction method. The RPR was calculated for each eccentricity by subtracting central from peripheral autorefraction measurements. The study included 114 myopic eyes from 114 subjects (mean age of 21.81 ± 1.91 years) and the mean difference in RPR between scotopic and photopic conditions (0 and 300 lux, respectively) was +0.32 D at 30° temporal and +0.37 D at 30° in the nasal visual field (NVF). Statistically significant differences were observed between 0 and 300 lux at 30° in the temporal visual field and at 30° and 20° in the NVF. Our results revealed a significant increase in relative peripheral hyperopia with increasing visual field eccentricity along the horizontal visual field in myopic eyes of young adults. Furthermore, this relative peripheral hyperopia increased as illumination decreased. These findings suggest that an increase in peripheral illuminance may protect against myopic eye growth.

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Peripheral refraction in Japanese schoolchildren with low to moderate myopia

Cited by 5 publications

References 23 publications

Relative peripheral refraction and its role in myopia onset in teenage students

Relative peripheral refraction and its role in myopia onset in teenage students

Photopic pupil size change in myopic orthokeratology and its influence on axial length elongation

Peripheral refraction under different levels of illuminance

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