Periodontitis is associated with the risk of subclinical atherosclerosis and peripheral arterial disease in Korean adults

Periodontal and chronic kidney disease association: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…The methodological quality of included studies was relatively higher for those examining periodontal disease as the exposure and CKD as outcome compared to the converse association. Periodontitis has been implicated to influence a myriad of conditions including diabetes, hypertension, vascular disease and even difficulties in conception . Periodontal disease is highly prevalent, affecting a quarter of the Australian adult population and up to half the US adult population .…”

Relationship between tooth loss and peripheral arterial disease among women

“…A small case–control study from Japan suggested that periodontitis patients had a fivefold higher risk of developing PAD compared with periodontally healthy controls (OR = 5.45, 95% CI: 1.57–18.89; Chen et al., ). A recent cross‐sectional study also showed that severe periodontitis was associated with PAD (OR = 2.03; 95% CI: 1.05–3.93; Ahn et al., ).…”

“…57-18.89;Chen et al, 2008). A recent cross-sectional study also showed that severe periodontitis was associated with PAD (OR = 2.03; 95% CI: 1.05-3.93; Ahn et al, 2016).…”

Periodontitis and Cardiovascular Diseases. Consensus Report

“…For cross-sectional data, the most significant evidence comes from two large, population-based studies in the USA (NHANES 1999(NHANES -2002 and South Korea (KoGES-CAVAS). Both studies found a positive association between the extent of clinical attachment loss (NHANES 1999(NHANES -2002 and severity of radiographic bone loss (KoGES-CAVAS) with PAD, defined using the Ankle Brachial Index (ABI), with adjusted odd ratios (OR) of 2.2 (95% confidence interval -CI-; [1.2; 2.4]) and 2.0 (95% CI [1.1; 3.9]), respectively [2,70]. One prospective cohort study, conducted in male veterans in the USA, reported a positive association between periodontitis (measured by severity of radiographic bone loss) and the incidence of PAD over a [25][26][27][28][29][30] year follow-up period, with an adjusted OR of 2.3 (95% CI [1.3; 3.9]) [77].…”