Perinatal and Postweaning Exposure to Galactooligosaccharides/Inulin Prebiotics Induced Biomarkers Linked to Tolerance Mechanism in a Mouse Model of Strong Allergic Sensitization

Abstract

Food allergies are increasing, and no treatment exists, thus enhancing interest in prebiotic strategies. This study aimed to analyze the preventive effects of prebiotic feeding during perinatal and postweaning periods in a mouse model of allergy by studying biomarkers related to tolerance (IgG2a, IgA, IFN-γ, TGF-β, and IL-10), to allergy (IgE, IgG1, IL-4, IL-17, symptoms), and to microbiota (propionate and MyD88). Balb/c mice, both dams and their pups, were fed a diet supplemented with (+Prb) or without (-Prb) GOS/inulin prebiotics. Mice were then sensitized with allergens. Regardless of diet, sensitized mice exhibited similar levels of IgE, IgG1, CD-23, IL-4, IL-17, and symptoms. However, in comparison to -Prb-sensitized mice, +Prb-sensitized mice displayed higher concentrations of total IgG2a (6669 ± 1788 vs 3696 ± 1326 fluorescence units, p < 0.005), specific IgA (285 ± 26 vs 156 ± 9 fluorescence units, p < 0.01), IFN-γ (3194 ± 424 vs 1853 ± 434 pg/mL, p < 0.01), IL-10 (777 ± 87 vs 95 ± 136 pg/mL, p < 0.005), TGF-β (4853 ± 1959 vs 243 ± 444 pg/mL, p < 0.01), MyD88 (0.033 ± 0.019 vs 0.009 ± 0.004 relative expression, p < 0.01), and propionate (4.15 ± 0.8 vs 2.9 ± 1.15 μmol, p < 0.05). In a mouse model of allergy, prebiotic exposure during perinatal and postweaning periods induced the highest expression of biomarkers related to tolerance without affecting biomarkers related to allergy.

High purity galacto-oligosaccharides enhance specific Bifidobacterium species and their metabolic activity in the mouse gut microbiome

“…Studies have shown that prebiotics can attenuate the pro-inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial cells in animals model of disease (94–96). Modulation of inflammatory biomarkers by GOS90 was not observed in prebiotic fed mice due most probably to the fact that this study was conducted in healthy wt mice with no inflammatory conditions.…”

Prebiotics in infant formula

“…55 The preventive effects of prebiotic feeding during perinatal and post weaning periods in a mouse model of allergy were analyzed by studying biomarkers related to tolerance (IgG2a, IgA, IFN-g, TGF-b, and IL-10), to allergy (IgE, IgG1, IL-4, IL-17, symptoms), and to microbiota (propionate and MyD88). 56 Regardless of diet, sensitized mice exhibited similar levels of IgE, IgG1, CD-23, IL-4, IL-17, and similar symptoms. 56 Prebiotic exposure during perinatal and post weaning periods induced the highest expression of biomarkers related to tolerance without affecting allergy related biomarkers.…”

“…56 Regardless of diet, sensitized mice exhibited similar levels of IgE, IgG1, CD-23, IL-4, IL-17, and similar symptoms. 56 Prebiotic exposure during perinatal and post weaning periods induced the highest expression of biomarkers related to tolerance without affecting allergy related biomarkers. 56 Prebiotics were shown to reduce immunoglobulin free lightchain concentrations in infants at risk for allergy.…”

“…56 Prebiotic exposure during perinatal and post weaning periods induced the highest expression of biomarkers related to tolerance without affecting allergy related biomarkers. 56 Prebiotics were shown to reduce immunoglobulin free lightchain concentrations in infants at risk for allergy. 57 Although a reduction of eczema was reported in infants, this effect was not consistent between studies and caution was advised in view of methodological concerns regarding included studies.…”

Prebiotics in Infant Formulas

“…Вне зависимости от диеты у сенсибилизирован-ных мышей отмечались аналогичные концентрации IgE, IgG 1 , СD23, ИЛ 4, ИЛ 17, а также аналогичные симпто-мы аллергии [53]. Авторы установили, что вскармлива-ние животных обогащенной пребиотиками смесью пре-имущественно стимулировало экспрессию биомаркеров иммунологической толерантности, не влияя на уровень маркеров аллергического воспаления [53].…”