Prebiotics in infant formula

Vandenplas, Yvan; Greef, Elisabeth De; Veereman, Gigi

doi:10.4161/19490976.2014.972237

Cited by 86 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 69 publications

(120 reference statements)

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“…Prebiotics are non-digestible oligosaccharides that stimulate the growth and function of bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract. 33,37 Prebiotics are found in high concentrations in human milk but are found only in trace amounts in cow's milk. Thus, it is imperative for product manufacturers to fortify infant formulas with prebiotics above and beyond the amount intrinsic in bovine milk in order to elicit positive physiologic effects.…”

Section: Prebioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Insights into Novel Infant Milk Formula Bioactives</p>

Skolnick¹,

Chou²,

Miklavcic³

2020

NDS

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Human milk provides optimal infant nutrition for early life development. However, there are situations in which human milk feeding is not the most viable option for infant nutrition. Some factors include maternal illness, lactation insufficiency, storage complications, and time constraints. As a result, modern infant formula has become a substitute or alternative when breastfeeding is not possible or is inadequate for infants. In the optimal design of formula, many factors are considered in creating a product that is safe and provides a nutritional profile either equivalent to human milk or in optimal alignment with infant needs. Human milk composition serves as a reference for infant formula formulation. The purpose of this literature review is to provide a synopsis of recent advances in infant formula research in the past 5 years (2014)(2015)(2016)(2017)(2018). Specifically, the breadth of bioactive components of human milk that are not yet available in infant formulas and dose optimization requirements in full-term infants are reviewed. The nutritional value of infant formulas has been improved by adding functional bioactive ingredients such as choline, strains of probiotics, and prebiotic oligosaccharides. There are considerable variations in the composition of available infant formulas between manufacturers and across different countries. Formulas still generally lack important contents such as antibodies and exosomes that are present in human milk. Some of the adverse health outcomes associated with formula feeding as compared with human milk feeding are attributed to the different composition of the foods. This literature review summarizes the most recent research aimed at advancing infant formula composition to narrow the difference in health outcomes between human milk and formula-fed infants.

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Section: Prebioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Insights into Novel Infant Milk Formula Bioactives</p>

Skolnick¹,

Chou²,

Miklavcic³

2020

NDS

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“…Infants on formula milk have lower stool pH, less stool consistency and frequency while less concentration of bifi diobacteria in their intestine as compared to milk feeding infants. Prebiotics formula brings infant formula one step closer to breast milk and having signifi cance health benefi ts throughout the alteration of the gut microfl ora [6,7].…”

Section: Review Of Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Prebiotics and their activity for the handling of diabetes: Literature review

Manzoor¹,

Mustafa²

2019

J Food Sci Nutr The

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Prebiotics are non-digestible substance that provides a positive physiological effect by selectively stimulating the growth or action of a limited number of indigenous bacteria in the host. Form previous decade there is increase in public interest and demand for the development of new product and prebiotics formula to improve quality of life. Prebiotics are also used to treat type 2 diabetes by activation of receptors and microorganism recognition in the intestinal lumen. Assumed as pivotal role for treatment of metabolic disorders including major potential for intestinal microfl ora perspective. Also result in improvement of insulin sensitivity and reduction of autoimmune response. However, further researches are required to clarify whether the administration of probiotics can be profi ciently used for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes.

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“…NDCs are fermented by gut microbiota reducing the intestinal pH and favor the growth of Bifidobacterium and reduce the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria (Bouhnik et al, 2004). Infant formulas are enriched with NDCs produced by enzymatic synthesis, such as of galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS), or inulin (Akkerman, Faas, & de Vos, 2018;Vandenplas, Greef, & Veereman, 2014). The difference among compounds is reflected in their monosaccharide composition, branching, chain length, type of glycosidic linkage, and purity (Mussatto & Mancilha, 2007).…”

Section: Hmgps Concentration (G/dl)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship Between Oligosaccharides and Glycoconjugates Content in Human Milk and the Development of the Gut Barrier

Figueroa-Lozano

Vos

2018

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

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The intestinal immune barrier is considered to be the gatekeeper of the human body and rapidly develops directly after birth. Many pre‐ and postnatal factors influence the development of the gut‐barrier, which is composed of the microbiota, the mucus, the epithelial layer and the mucosal immune system. Even minor disturbances during barrier development can have consequences for health far into adulthood. Here we critically discuss the current knowledge on which pre‐ and postnatal factors influence development, maturation, and maintenance of the gut immune barrier. Human milk has a unique composition and is the gold standard for adequate development of the intestinal immune barrier. Not only the influence of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) but also that of glycoproteins (HMGPs) is reviewed. We discuss the influence of maternal genetic factors, such as the secretor and Lewis phenotypes on breast milk fucosylation and sialylation of HMOs and HMGPs. This diversity in HMOs and HMPGs influences microbiota composition and also the development of the immune barrier. Cow milk‐derived infant formula is often being used as an alternative for human breast milk. The consequences of this for proper development of the intestinal immune barrier and, in particular, the differences in the type of oligosaccharides and glycosylation patterns (sialic and fucose composition) between cow and human milk are critically discussed. Current and prospective strategies to promote proper gut‐immune maturation are proposed. These might include more personalized infant formulas when breast milk is not an option.

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Prebiotics in infant formula

Cited by 86 publications

References 69 publications

<p>Insights into Novel Infant Milk Formula Bioactives</p>

<p>Insights into Novel Infant Milk Formula Bioactives</p>

Prebiotics and their activity for the handling of diabetes: Literature review

Relationship Between Oligosaccharides and Glycoconjugates Content in Human Milk and the Development of the Gut Barrier

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