Performance of Ten Maize Hybrids Under Water Stress and Calcareous Soil Conditions.

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted at Nubaria agricultural research station during the 2007 and 2008 summer seasons. Two irrigation regimes e.g. 100 and 75% of maize water requirements, respectively, under drip irrigation system and ten (5 single-cross (SC) plus 5 three-way cross (TWC) maize hybrids and their interaction were assessed. The experimental design was a split-plot with three replications, where the main plots represented two irrigation regimes and the sub-plots were assigned to the ten maize hybrids. The main findings could be summarized as follows: Significant decreases in grain yield were observed under deficit irrigation comparing with adequate one in 1 st and 2 nd seasons. Plant height and ear height exhibited similar trends, however, the differences did not reach the significant level due to irrigation regimes. An opposite trend was recorded for number of days to mid-silking, anthesis-silking interval and leaf proline content traits, where 75% irrigation regime resulted in higher values of such traits in the two seasons of study, comparable with 100% irrigation regime.As for maize hybrid types, notable opposite trends in grain yield were found, where TWC hybrids average increased by 1.80% more than SC hybrids in 2007 season, meanwhile SC hybrids averaged surpassed that of TWC hybrids average by 1.87% in 2008 season. Additionally, TWC hybrids exhibited shorter values of days to mid-silking and anthesis-silking interval (day) compared with SC hybrids, in the two seasons of study. The average of leaf proline content was higher for SC hybrids, comparable with TWC hybrids. On average basis, SC hybrids exhibited higher value of (DSI) than TWC hybrids in 1 st and 2 nd seasons, and SC10 maize hybrid exhibited the potentiality of grain yield with the adequate irrigation regime, in 1 st and 2 nd seasons. Under 75% irrigation regime, TWC.321, TWC.324, TWC.327 and SC.162 exhibited higher grain yield in 2007, while in 2008, TWC.321, SC.10 and SC.162 gave higher grain yield.The amounts of applied irrigation water were 8000 and 6070 m 3 ha-1 for the 100% and 75% irrigation treatments, respectively. Average crop water productivity values increased with decreasing applied water, where, under 75% irrigation regime CWP was increased in 1 st and 2 nd seasons, comparable with 100% irrigation regime. Under stress conditions, average CWP value for the TWC hybrids was higher by 13.48% in 2007, and seemed to be negligible (0.79%) in 2008 season comparing with SC hybrids, respectively. An opposite trend was notable under 100% irrigation regime, where average CWP value for the SC hybrids was higher by 5.26 and 3.62%, respectively, in 1 st and 2 nd seasons. The highest CWP values (3.39 and 2.88 kg m-3), respectively, in 2007 and 2008 seasons were obtained with SC10 hybrid as irrigated at 100% regime interaction.

Effect of Irrigation Intervals on Growth, Productivity and Quality of Some Yellow Maize Genotypes

“…However, the rest genotypes were drought susceptible, where they had DSI values more than 1 and high relative yield reduction. These results are coincided by other investigators, i.e., Abdelghany et al (2016), Ali (2016), Habliza & Abdelhalim (2017) and Gabr et al (2018) who reported that the genotypes showing DSI values less than 1 are found to be more tolerant to drought stress while those had DSI values more than 1 are sensitive to drought stress.…”

Response of some Yellow Maize Hybrids (Zea mays L.) to Sowing Date under Toshka Conditions

“…The results agree with those reported by Ahmed et al (2000) who mentioned that tasseling was affected significantly by maize hybrids. These results are supported by the findings of Habliza and Abdelhalim (2017). Grain yield and yield components of plant height, number of ears/plant, number of grains/raw, ear length, number of raws/ear, 1000-grain weight and grain yield/fed during two seasons as shown in Table (6) were affected significantly by differences between maize hybrids, the TWC 353 hybrid exhibited higher number of raws/ear and grain yield/fed in two seasons, the differences were not significant between TWC 353 and SC 168 hybrids for the same traits.…”

Evaluating the genetic diversity in maize hybrids under drought conditions using drought indices, SSR markers, and thermal imaging

“…Ali and Abdelaal (2020) reported that maize genotypes S.C 168 as well as T.W.C 360, T.W.C 352 and T.W.C 368 had the lowest values of relative yield reduction and drought susceptibility index (< 1), indicating that those genotypes were relatively drought tolerant genotypes. Similar results obtained by Khaled et al (2013), Habliza andAbdelhalim (2017), Gabr et al (2018) and Ali and Abdelaal (2020) who reported that the genotypes showing DSI values < 1 were found to be more tolerant to drought stress while those had DSI values > 1 were sensitive to drought stress.…”