Effect of Irrigation Intervals on Growth, Productivity and Quality of Some Yellow Maize Genotypes

Abstract

Increasing irrigation intervals from 12 up to 17 and 22 days significantly decreased number and area of leaves and leaves, stem and total dry weight/plant, total chlorophyll, relative water content (RWC), plant height, length and diameter of ear, number and weight of grains/ear, 100 grain weight as well as grain, stover and biological yields/fed, protein and oil % and yields/ fed, but significantly increased proline content in leaves in both seasons. 2-S.C 168 G surpassed the other genotypes in area and dry weight of leaves/plant, grain yield/fed, crop and harvest indices as well as protein yield/fed. T.W.C 368 G was superior in stem and total dry weight/plant, plant height, ear diameter, no.of grains/ear,100-grain weight as well as stover and biological yields/fed. However, S.C 168 G and T.W.C 368 G recorded the best values of RWC, no.of ears/plant, grain weight/ear, protein% and oil yield/fed as compared with the other genotypes. The highest significant values of proline content and no.of leaves/ plant were obtained by T.W.C 352 G and T.W.C 360 G, respectively in both seasons. 3-Maize genotypes S.C 168 as well as T.W.C 360 and T.W.C 352 under I 2 and T.W.C 368 under either I 2 or I 3 had the lowest values of relative yield reduction and drought suS.Ceptibility index (< 1), indicating that those genotypes are relatively drought tolerant genotypes compared to other tested genotypes in our experiment condition.

Minimizing the Adverse Impact of Drought on Corn by Applying Foliar Potassium Humate Combined with Chitosan

“…Physiologically, this leads to a decline in soil moisture around the roots leading to a decrease in the absorption rate of water and nutrients from the soil sector, which is opposite for N, K, and Zn. These findings are in line with the results observed by Fahad et al (2017), as they reported that drought has declined the uptake of P, leading to a reduction in the relative moisture content of the leaves (Ali and Abdelaal 2020); at par with the increase of the uptake of (N, K, and Zn) (Kulczycki et al 2022).…”

“…While protein content has increased, as a consequence of the increase in N uptake. These findings are matched with those obtained by Flexas et al (2004), Gomaa et al (2017), Al-Naggar et al (2018, and Ali and Abdelaal (2020).…”

Evaluating the genetic diversity in maize hybrids under drought conditions using drought indices, SSR markers, and thermal imaging

“…This genotypic variation in RWC values may be recognized to differences in the ability of the variation to absorb more water from the soil and or the ability to control water loss through the stomata's. Similar explanations have been stated in superior hybrids of maize (Farouk et al, 2018;Ali and Abdelaal, 2020). Remarkably, S.C 10 hybrid had the highest value of RWC under stress but it had the second value in orders under normal condition.…”

“…Maize used in human food, animal feed and industrial products. The local production of maize is not sufficient to meet the excessive demand, especially the yellow grains in Egypt (Ali and Abdelaal, 2020). Maize crop needs high irrigation requirements; so, the crop sensitive to abiotic stresses; salinity, high temperature and drought at different growth stages; especially at flowering and pollination stages (Gomaa et al, 2017;Sah et al, 2020).…”

“…The plant responses for drought were differed according to; plant age, genotype, properties of soil, level and period of drought (Gabr Afaf et al, 2018). Increasing irrigation intervals or skipping one or more irrigations significantly decreased the efficiency of the plants by decreasing growth, yield, total chlorophyll, relative water content (RWC), protein and oil % (Soltani et al, 2013;Gomaa et al, 2017;Mohammed et al, 2017;Li et al, 2018;Ali and Abdelaal, 2020). Grain yield trait was considered a polygenic trait administrated by interaction between environment and genotype, so the selection for high grain yield was difficult as a result of low heritability of grain yield and there were positive and significant correlations among grain yield and each of kernels number/ row and ear length under drought condition (Nigem, 1989Akaogu et al, 2017Adu et al, 2019).…”