Performance of ‘Subirana’ flat peach cultivar budded on different Prunus rootstocks in a warm production area in North Africa

Abstract

The agronomic performance and fruit quality traits were evaluated for ten Prunus rootstocks: Garnem, PADAC 150, PADAC 04-03, PADAC 04-01, Rootpac® 70, PM 105 AD, AGAF 0301-04, Krymsk® 1, Krymsk® 86 and PAC 847. These rootstocks were budded with 'Subirana' flat peach cultivar in September 2007 and planted in two adjacent plots in northern Tunisia (36°41'N, 10°15'E) on a heavy and calcareous soil typical of the Mediterranean area. Tree mortality, vegetative growth, rate of bud failure and fruit quality were assessed. Significant differences were found among rootstocks for the agronomic and fruit quality traits. Growing conditions generated varying levels of tree mortality, the highest with Krymsk® 1 rootstock. In contrast, all trees on PADAC 04-03 and PADAC 04-01 survived well. The lowest vigor was induced by Krymsk® 1 with a reduction of 90% in trunk cross-sectional area (TCSA) and canopy volume as compared to Garnem. PADAC 150 also expressed a low vigor. The highest canopy volume was found on Rootpac® 70 as similarly for Garnem. The remaining rootstocks induced a medium vigor level. Trees on vigorous rootstocks as Rootpac® 70 showed the lowest rate of bud failure, while dwarfing rootstocks induced the highest buds abscission. Yield was higher for AGAF 0301-04 in 2011 and 2012 as compared to the rest of rootstocks. The highest yield efficiency was recorded on PM 105 AD and AGAF 0301-04 rootstocks. Rootpac® 70 presented the highest fruit weight and fruit diameter. The highest level of soluble solids content (SSC) was recorded on Krymsk® 1, and the lowest on Garnem, although differences were not significant when compared to the other rootstocks. The less vigorous rootstocks seem to induce a better fruit quality of peach based on fruit sugar content. This study provides information that new Prunus rootstocks for peach can lead to a better agronomic performance than Garnem, mainly in vigor and in productive parameters. The peach-plum hybrid PADAC 04-03 induced good yield, with large fruit size and acceptable efficiency with significant smaller trees than Garnem.

Simultaneous selection of peach rootstocks by mixed models

“…However, the overall yield average observed in the present study resembles that found in southern Brazil (Barreto et al, 2017), northern Tunisia (Yahmed et al, 2016) and northern and southern Italy (Scalisi et al, 2018). (Zarrouk et al, 2006;Neves et al, 2017) and in pear (Melo et al, 2017), in order to introduce useful characteristics such as vigor control, pest resistance and edaphoclimatic adaptation, such a combination does not always result in success.…”

Scion × Rootstock Response on Production, Mineral Composition and Fruit Quality under Heavy-Calcareous Soil and Hot Climate

“…This cluster showed that the rootstocks were not grouped according to their genetic origin, although results confirm that the plum based hybrids "PADAC 04-01" and "PADAC 99-05" induced fruits with the higher values on SSC and several color parameters (L*, b*, C*, and h). In a rootstock trial established in a peach production area of Tunisia, the hybrid "PADAC 04-01" induced also a good agronomical performance and higher fruit quality (SSC) compared to other nine rootstocks budded with the flat peach "Subirana" [10], confirming its suitability for the Mediterranean area.…”

“…Agronomy 2020, 10, x; doi: www.mdpi.com/journal/agronomy grouped according to their genetic origin, although results confirm that the plum based hybrids "PADAC 04-01" and "PADAC 99-05" induced fruits with the higher values on SSC and several color parameters (L*, b*, C*, and h). In a rootstock trial established in a peach production area of Tunisia, the hybrid "PADAC 04-01" induced also a good agronomical performance and higher fruit quality (SSC) compared to other nine rootstocks budded with the flat peach "Subirana" [10], confirming its suitability for the Mediterranean area. In general, the plums "Adesoto 101" and "PM 105 AD", the peach-almond "Adarcias" and the interspecific plum based hybrids "PADAC 04-01", "PADAC 99-05" and "Rootpac R", showed the tendency to induce a better fruit quality, based on higher concentration of SSC, and other yield traits (Tables 5 and 6), demonstrating their commercial interest as rootstocks for peaches.…”

“…In general, Prunus rootstocks breeding programs aim to improve peach adaptability to the different soil types and climatic conditions [9][10][11], improve fruit quality performance [12][13][14][15], add tolerance/resistance to different biotic and abiotic stresses [16,17], improve cultivar-rootstock graft compatibility [18,19], and induce precocity improving productivity with the adoption of different size-controlling rootstocks, especially those with medium-low vigor allowing high density systems and bidimensional canopies [20,21].…”

Desempenho agronômico e nutricional da nectarineira Sunraycer autoenraizada e enxertada sobre porta-enxertos clonais

“…Há também um baixo controle relativo à identidade dos porta-enxertos, graças à adoção aleatória de sementes de cultivares copa, principalmente na maioria dos viveiros do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (MAYER; BIANCHI e CASTRO, 2014). Assim, possíveis vantagens trazidas pelos porta-enxertos não são aproveitadas, como aquelas relacionadas a aumento ou diminuição do vigor e teor de nutrientes nas folhas (MAYER; UENO e SILVA, 2015), precocidade de produção , qualidade de frutos (PÉREZ-ROMERO et al, 2014;YAHMED et al, 2016), resistência a pragas e doenças , adaptabilidade a diferentes condições de solo, como fertilidade, salinidade e teor de água (JIMÉNEZ et al, 2011;KUCUKYUMUK et al, 2015;YADOLLAHI, 2011), produtividade (YAHMED et al, 2016), dentre outras.…”