Performance of nano-carbon loaded polymer composites: Dimensionality matters

Nadiv, Roey; Shachar, G.; Peretz-Damari, Sivan; Varenik, Maxim; Levy, Idan; Buzaglo, Matat; Ruse, Efrat; Regev, Oren

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2017.10.039

Cited by 62 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…% of GNPs (semi-conductive material). The results obtained in this study presented better improvements when compared to the work performed by Silva et al [21] and Navid et al [22].…”

Section: Nanoparticles Influence On the Epoxy Suspensions And Nanocomsupporting

confidence: 43%

Challenges and opportunities on nano-enabled multifunctional composites for aerostructures

et al. 2019

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The incorporation of carbon-based nanomaterials in the polymeric matrix of carbon fibre reinforced polymer composites has recently received worldwide attention, aiming to enhance their performance and multifunctionality. In this work, different loadings of nanoparticles from the graphene family, including reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs), were produced from graphite exfoliation. The mixing conditions for the production of epoxy-based suspensions were optimized using a three-roll mill, by changing the residence time and hydrodynamic shear stresses. The rheological behaviour, electrical conductivity and optical assessment were performed to study the influence of these nanoreinforcements on the resin properties. Afterwards, pristine and modified suspensions containing 0.089 wt. % of rGO or 2.14 wt. % of GNPs were used for manufacturing pre-impregnated materials with carbon fibre volume fractions of approximately 59 %. The nano-enabled CFRPs presented improved transverse electrical conductivity between 48 and 64 % when compared to the reference material. Significant enhancement of interlaminar fracture toughness (98.4 %) was found with GNPs.

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“…% of GNPs (semi-conductive material). The results obtained in this study presented better improvements when compared to the work performed by Silva et al [21] and Navid et al [22].…”

Section: Nanoparticles Influence On the Epoxy Suspensions And Nanocomsupporting

confidence: 43%

Challenges and opportunities on nano-enabled multifunctional composites for aerostructures

et al. 2019

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“…However, since the last decade, efforts are being made to employ nano-carbons as a reinforcement or property agent for an improved structure that would replicate into better mechanical, electrical and electrochemical properties. Especially the use of carbon nanofibers with average diameters of 100-300 nm as compared to carbon fibers (~7 µm diameter) are finding their ways into a variety of nano technological applications due to their high aspect ratio, increase of the surface area, high strength to weight ratio, improved charge transfer and greater possibility to modify the carbon chemistry [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies have shown that the preservation and improvement of chain alignment is instrumental in producing highly graphitic aligned domains during the carbonization process, which in turn results in improved mechanical and electrical properties [11][12][13]. It is known further that the addition of various carbon allotropes (nanotubes, nanoparticles and graphene sheets) helps in improving the graphitization of carbon based films and nanofibers [5,14]. For example, single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have been incorporated in electrospun carbon nanofibers that results in improving the graphitization and crystallinity of PAN.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene Nanoplatelet (GNPs) Doped Carbon Nanofiber (CNF) System: Effect of GNPs on the Graphitic Structure of Creep Stress and Non-Creep Stress Stabilized Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)

et al. 2020

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Improving the graphitic structure in carbon nanofibers (CNFs) is important for exploiting their potential in mechanical, electrical and electrochemical applications. Typically, the synthesis of carbon fibers with a highly graphitized structure demands a high temperature of almost 2500 °C. Furthermore, to achieve an improved graphitic structure, the stabilization of a precursor fiber has to be assisted by the presence of tension in order to enhance the molecular orientation. Keeping this in view, herein we report on the fabrication of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) doped carbon nanofibers using electrospinning followed by oxidative stabilization and carbonization. The effect of doping GNPs on the graphitic structure was investigated by carbonizing them at various temperatures (1000 °C, 1200 °C, 1500 °C and 1700 °C). Additionally, a stabilization was achieved with and without constant creep stress (only shrinkage stress) for both pristine and doped precursor nanofibers, which were eventually carbonized at 1700 °C. Our findings reveal that the GNPs doping results in improving the graphitic structure of polyacrylonitrile (PAN). Further, in addition to the templating effect during the nucleation and growth of graphitic crystals, the GNPs encapsulated in the PAN nanofiber matrix act in-situ as micro clamp units performing the anchoring function by preventing the loss of molecular orientation during the stabilization stage, when no external tension is applied to nanofiber mats. The templating effect of the entire graphitization process is reflected by an increased electrical conductivity along the fibers. Simultaneously, the electrical anisotropy is reduced, i.e., the GNPs provide effective pathways with improved conductivity acting like bridges between the nanofibers resulting in an improved conductivity across the fiber direction compared to the pristine PAN system.

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“…The toughening mechanisms in composites with CNTs can be classified into two groups according to the scale at which material damage occurs, i.e., nano-scale and micro-scale mechanisms [12]. Representative examples of the former are the well-known CNT pull-out and crack bridging by CNTs [12,13], which promotes energy consumption at the CNT/matrix interface [5]. The micro-scale toughening mechanisms identified in experiments include crack pinning and deflection [10,11,14] as well as damage diffusion [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Strength and Toughness of Hierarchical Composites through Optimization of Position and Orientation of Nanotubes: A Computational Study

2020

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Hierarchical composites that combine microscopic fibers and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) offer opportunities to further improve mechanical properties. Motivated by the experimental evidence that the spatial distribution of CNTs has a significant effect on the strength and toughness of these composites, we developed a novel modelling tool to help us explore mechanisms of strengthening and toughening in an efficient way. The spatial position and orientation of CNTs are chosen as design variables and their optimization is performed on the example of a unidirectional fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) subjected to transverse tensile loading. The model relies on the use of genetic algorithm and finite element method. Our modelling results show that the CNT network with an optimized morphology suppresses stress concentrations in the matrix near the fibers. The optimized morphology is shown to activate a new strengthening and toughening mechanism—diffusion of damage at micro-scale. It allows substantial increase in the consumption of the strain energy by matrix cracking, delocalization of damage, and with it, improvement of the strength and toughness. When the network morphology of 1.0 wt% of CNTs is optimized, the strength and toughness are increased by 49% and 65%, respectively, compared to the pristine FRC. The same amount of homogenously distributed CNTs in the composite leads to only 2% of the strength increase accompanied by a 13% decrease in toughness. The work emphasizes the importance of optimizing spatial position and orientation of CNTs for the strength and toughness improvements of composites.

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Performance of nano-carbon loaded polymer composites: Dimensionality matters

Cited by 62 publications

References 57 publications

Challenges and opportunities on nano-enabled multifunctional composites for aerostructures

Challenges and opportunities on nano-enabled multifunctional composites for aerostructures

Graphene Nanoplatelet (GNPs) Doped Carbon Nanofiber (CNF) System: Effect of GNPs on the Graphitic Structure of Creep Stress and Non-Creep Stress Stabilized Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)

Enhancing Strength and Toughness of Hierarchical Composites through Optimization of Position and Orientation of Nanotubes: A Computational Study

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