Performance of Disposable Respirators

Fardi, Behzad; Liu, Benjamin Y. H.

doi:10.1002/ppsc.19910080156

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…These researchers used both monodisperse aerosol and size-specific aerosol measurement equipment that allowed the count-based penetration measurement of the particles with a diameter range from 20 to 2900 nm. The penetration was found to increase at increased constant and cyclic flow conditions, which was consistent with previous studies. ,,,, The MPPS was approximately 50 nm for the N95 filters and was relatively unaffected by the flow.…”

Section: Performance Evaluation Of the N95 Filtering Devicesupporting

confidence: 90%

Effectiveness of N95 Masks against SARS-CoV-2: Performance Efficiency, Concerns, and Future Directions

Rashid

Sharmeen

Biswas

2022

ACS Chem. Health Saf.

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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic, which is caused by novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has continued to spread around the world since December 2019. Healthcare workers and other medical first responders in particular need personal protective equipment to protect their respiratory system from airborne particulates, in addition to liquid splashes to the face. N95 respirator have become a critical component for reducing SARS-CoV-2 transmission and controlling the scale of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, a major dispute concerning the protective performance of N95 respirators has erupted, with a myriad of healthcare workers affected despite wearing N95 masks. This article reviews the most recent updates about the performance of N95 respirators in protecting against the SARS-CoV-2 virus in the present pandemic situation. A brief overview of the manufacturing methods, air filtration mechanisms, stability, and reusability of the mask is provided. A detailed performance evaluation of the mask is studied from an engineering point of view. This Review also reports on a comparative study about the protective performance of all commercially available surgical and respiratory masks used to combat the spread of COVID-19. With the aim of protecting healthcare providers more efficiently, we suggest some potential directions for the development of this respiratory mask that improve the performance efficiency of the mask.

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Section: Performance Evaluation Of the N95 Filtering Devicesupporting

confidence: 90%

Effectiveness of N95 Masks against SARS-CoV-2: Performance Efficiency, Concerns, and Future Directions

Rashid

Sharmeen

Biswas

2022

ACS Chem. Health Saf.

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“…Peak penetration was observed to be below 100 nm for all filter types, except for the tested high efficiency (HE) filters-a precursor designation to the current N or P-100 type filters. Fardi and Liu [32] evaluated several models of filtering facepiece respirators (FFR) against charge-neutralized NaCl and DOP aerosols from 35 nm to 4 μm in size. Those respirators with electret properties showed peak penetrations at approximately 100 nm while those without were between 300 and 400 nm.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Does Respirator Certification Tell Us About Filtration of Ultrafine Particles?

Eninger

Honda

Reponen

et al. 2008

Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene

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Recent interest in exposures to ultrafine particles (less than 100 nm) in both environmental and occupational settings led the authors to question whether the protocols used to certify respirator filters provide adequate attention to ultrafine aerosols. The authors reviewed the particle size distribution of challenge aerosols and evaluated the aerosol measurement method currently employed in the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) particulate respirator certification protocol for its ability to measure the contribution of ultrafine particles to filter penetration. Also considered were the differences between mechanical and electrically charged (electret) filters in light of the most penetrating particle size. It was found that the sodium chloride (NaCl) and dioctylphthalate (DOP) aerosols currently used in respirator certification tests contain a significant fraction of particles in the ultrafine region. However, the photometric method deployed in the certification test is not capable of adequately measuring light scatter of particles below approximately 100 nm in diameter. Specifically, 68% (by count) and 8% (by mass) of the challenge NaCl aerosol particles and 10% (by count) and 0.3% (by mass) of the DOP particles below 100 nm do not significantly contribute to the filter penetration measurement. In addition, the most penetrating particle size for electret filters likely occurs at 100 nm or less under test conditions similar to those used in filter certification. The authors conclude, therefore, that the existing NIOSH certification protocol may not represent a worst-case assessment for electret filters because it has limited ability to determine the contribution of ultrafine aerosols, which include the most penetrating particle size for electret filters. Possible strategies to assess ultrafine particle penetration in the certification protocol are discussed.

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“…Respirator efficiency for particulate matter is evaluated for different particle sizes using an airtight exposure chamber that allows the flow of particulates through the filter media at a certain flow rate. 17 The respirator is challenged for particle efficiency with a specific aerosol type: sodium chloride (salt) for N-type respirators, and dioctylphthalate for R- and P-type respirators. 10 The test particles are generated at an aerodynamic mass median diameter of 300 nm (0.3 µm), which is assumed to be the most penetrating particle size.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Filtration efficiency of surgical sterilization fabric for respiratory protection during COVID-19 pandemic

Sousan

Garcia

White

et al. 2021

American Journal of Infection Control

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Highlights A customized exposure chamber was used to measure the particulate respirator efficiency of NIOSH-certified respirators and home-made respirators. The chamber was validated using P100 and N95 respirators. Custom-made respirators fabricated from Halyard® H600 sterilization fabric material were claimed as N95 alternative with superior efficiency. The results indicated that the Halyard® H600 sterilization fabric has lower filter efficiency compared to P100 and N95, and is not recommended for use as an alternative for the N95 respirator.

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Performance of Disposable Respirators

Cited by 9 publications

References 13 publications

Effectiveness of N95 Masks against SARS-CoV-2: Performance Efficiency, Concerns, and Future Directions

Effectiveness of N95 Masks against SARS-CoV-2: Performance Efficiency, Concerns, and Future Directions

What Does Respirator Certification Tell Us About Filtration of Ultrafine Particles?

Filtration efficiency of surgical sterilization fabric for respiratory protection during COVID-19 pandemic

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