Performance, hemato-biochemical indices and oxidative stress markers of broiler chicken fed phytogenic during heat stress condition

Abstract

Thermal stress is a tremendous health predicament encountered by poultry farmers with adverse effects on the performance, product stature, health condition, survival, and overall welfare of poultry birds, and so requires urgent dietary user-friendly strategy to curb. This study was conducted with 200-day old broilers for the purpose of investigating the potential of phytogenics in refining the negative effects of heat stress on broiler chicken. Moringa, Phyllanthus and mistletoe leaves were processed as phytogenic supplements and incorporated into standard ration for broilers as treatments B1 (control), B2, B3 and B4 diet during the peak of thermal discomfort in humid tropics. Growth and carcass indices were monitored in a 49-day trial and blood samples were harvested at the end of the ordeal period to assess haematology, serum biochemical and oxidative stress markers with the use of standard procedures. The results obtained showed that the prevailing environmental condition in the study site indicated that the birds were exposed to heat stress. Birds fed on moringa and mistletoe supplements had higher performance index than birds without supplementation during heat stress condition, while birds fed on mistletoe supplement had the highest survival rate across the treatments. The liveweight, slaughter weight, dressed weight and eviscerated weight of heat stressed birds fed on moringa, phyllanthus and mistletoe supplements were significantly higher than birds on control treatment. Heterophyl/lymphocyte ratio of heat stressed birds without supplement were higher than birds on phytogenic supplements, with least values recorded in phyllanthus and mistletoe fed birds. Birds on phytogenic supplement tend to have lower cholesterol profile, lipid peroxidation and better antioxidant profile than birds on control treatment during heat stress conditions. Mistletoe supplementation in broiler ration enhances the survival rate, as well as promotes growth indices better among the phytogenic supplements. However, phytogenic supplements did ameliorate the negative effects of thermal discomfort on performance, physiological and oxidative stress in heat-stressed broiler chicken.

An evaluation of the thermoregulatory potential of in ovo delivered bioactive substances (probiotic, folic acid, and essential oil) in broiler chickens

“…Contrastingly, elevated levels of phosphorus and bile acids were detected in heat-challenged chickens. The reduction in plasma sodium and proteins were expected and were in conformation with results reported in similar HS studies ( Beckford et al, 2020 ; El-Gharib et al, 2021 ; Jimoh et al, 2022 ). While reduced sodium has been attributed to increased water consumption typical of heat-stressed birds ( Borges et al, 2004 ), an increased rate of protein catabolism during HS triggers reduced protein deposition ( Belhadj Slimen et al, 2016 ).…”

Differences in bedding material type could alter the growth performance of White Pekin ducks raised over 42 days

“…Considering the demonstrated impact of the living environment on productive indices [5,17] and the fact that ducks spend their entire growth period in contact with the bedding materials, we were specifically interested in determining whether different bedding materials could have varied effects on the growth performance and carcass characteristics of White Pekin ducks. Three different commercially available beddings made of coco peat, rice husks, and sawdust were evaluated in this study.…”

“…As a sub-sector of the larger growing poultry industry, the duck husbandry has undergone tremendous progress, especially in Asia [1,2]. This change could be attributed to nutritional and genetic progress and to a better understanding of the management-oriented aspects such as housing and its accompanying factors, such as floor type, ventilation, and temperature control [3][4][5]. Despite being waterfowls like geese, ducks are reared mainly in intensive production systems that are characterized by indoor housing.…”