Performance evaluation of regenerative braking systems

Wäger, Guido; Whale, Jonathan; Bräunl, Thomas

doi:10.1177/0954407017728651

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 41 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…All the toxic metals considered in this study (except arsenic and mercury) have been implicated in these non-exhaust emission sources, but no significant shifts in the temporal data of RDS concentrations have been observed. Whilst the implications of electric vehicle weight may increase non-exhaust RDS emissions, several benefits of increased electric vehicle use include zero exhaust emissions, reduced brake wear when regenerative braking technologies are implemented (Wager et al 2018) and a significant reduction in lubricating oils. A lack of clear temporal trends is a challenge when trying to discern the future trend of toxic metal RDS loadings in urbanised centres.…”

Section: Global Road Dust Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of road-dust sediment in urban systems: a review of a global challenge

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose The proportion of people living in urbanised areas is predicted to rise to > 65% by 2050, and therefore, more humans than ever will be exposed to urban environmental pollution. Accumulation of organic and inorganic substances on street and road surfaces is a major global challenge requiring scientifically robust methods of establishing risk that inform management strategies. This aim of this contribution is to critically review the global literature on urban road–deposited sediment contamination with a specific focus on variability in sampling and analytical methods. Materials and methods In order to assess the concentration of contaminants in global road-deposited sediment (RDS), a comprehensive search of published RDS studies was completed. We review methodological approaches used in RDS studies to highlight the variability in datasets as a result of sampling technique, grain size fractionation, geochemical and mineralogical characterisation methods and establishing the influence of local geology on contaminant concentrations. We also consider emerging contaminants in RDS, and we provide a workflow diagram which promotes a standardised sampling and analysis regime that we believe can reduce data variability and promote collaboration when it comes to tackling the important issue of RDS contamination. Results and discussion Across the literature, Asia (except China) and Africa are underrepresented in RDS studies despite these continents having the largest and fastest growing populations, respectively. The removal of tetraethyl lead from gasoline produced a noticeable decrease in lead concentrations in global RDS, and platinum group element (PGE) concentrations in RDS were consistent with catalytic converter usage. Research into the impact of electric vehicles on non-exhaust emissions suggests other contaminants such as zinc may become more prominent in the future. Most RDS studies consider grain size fractions larger than > 20 μm due to sampling constraints despite RDS < 20 μm being most relevant to human health. The use of chemical extraction methods to establish contaminant geochemistry is popular; however, most extraction procedures are not relevant or specific to minerals identified in RDS through microscopic and spectroscopic investigations. Conclusions This review highlights considerable variability in sampling and analytical approach which makes it difficult to identify broad global patterns in RDS contamination. To remove this variability from future RDS research, this review suggests a workflow plan which attempts to improve the comparability between RDS studies. Such comparability is crucial in identifying more discrete RDS trends and informing future emission policy.

show abstract

Section: Global Road Dust Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of road-dust sediment in urban systems: a review of a global challenge

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It also displays warning signals if a fault in any of the subsystems is detected by the diagnostic system so that necessary action can be taken immediately. 158,159 All the internal signal transmission and communication is achieved through the CAN as it serves as the prime 117 communication medium between various systems in the vehicle. 160 Here, the communication with the battery management system (BMS) is necessary because if the SOC falls below a certain level, the MCU will receive a signal to control the motor work in the generator to charge the battery, hence making sure that the SOC does not drop below a certain value.…”

Section: Motor Control Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Simultaneously, the driver receives all the information on the instrument cluster as different indicating lights. It also displays warning signals if a fault in any of the subsystems is detected by the diagnostic system so that necessary action can be taken immediately 158,159 . All the internal signal transmission and communication is achieved through the CAN as it serves as the prime communication medium between various systems in the vehicle 160 .…”

Section: Regenerative Braking System Controller Outputsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical review on optimal regenerative braking control system architecture, calibration parameters and development challenges for EVs

Saiteja

Ashok

Wagh

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary Vehicle technology advances and the world shifts towards E‐mobility, improving the performance of electric vehicles (EVs) and HEVs, which are becoming the prominent focus. One of the prime topics of EV development is increasing the driving range, which is the fundamental requirement. Apart from increasing the battery capacity, retrieving the wasted energy during conventional braking, also called as regenerative braking, is a hot topic. In this context, numerous control architectures and major braking approaches are considered to examine in this study in order to create an efficient regenerative braking system (RBS). This review article intends to provide an overview of major subsystems in the RBS such as motor control system and hydraulic braking system and how it affects the braking performance is also well discussed. Additionally, it complies with some of the recent research applications and systematically reviews the several braking control strategies implied. The prominent ones are fuzzy logic control, neural network, MPC, sliding mode, and adaptive control modelling approaches. These control strategies are used to enhance energy regeneration without affecting vehicle performance. Further, this article discusses the RBS design process and its calibration variables, such as speed of the vehicle and brake force estimation, which can be used to improve braking performance. Moreover, challenges on RBS improvements are effectively addressed, coupled with brief suggestions and discussions for the growth of future RBS development. Finally, this article will hopefully help the reader to critically analyse the working of RBS and encourage to design of an efficient RBS for electro‐mobility application. Highlights A holistic overview of the RBS control system architecture and its various control systems is reviewed. Various brake energy control strategies like Fuzzy, MPC, NN, SMC, Adaptive and learning‐based controls are critically evaluated. The discussion of necessary calibration process and its associated parameters are elucidated. Representation of real‐time design and development process of an efficient RBS in EV. Some of the prominent challenges faced during design and development of RBS and scope of future improvement is suggested.

show abstract

“…The availability of regenerative braking in EVs can lead to many advantages, ranging from an overall increase in efficiency to a reduction in brake wear and maintenance costs [5,6,7,8]. However, it is currently unable to provide sufficient braking performance by itself in every operating condition [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and Identification of an Electric Vehicle Braking System: Thermal and Tribology Phenomena Assessment

D’hondt¹,

Forrier²,

Sarrazin³

et al. 2020

SAE Technical Paper Series

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A rapidly shifting market and increasingly stringent environmental regulations require the automotive industry to produce more efficient low-emission Eletric Vehicles (EVs). Regenerative braking has proven to be a major contributor to both objectives, enabling the charging of the batteries during braking and a reduction of the load and wear of the brake pads. The optimal sizing of such systems requires the availability of good simulation models to improve their performance and reliability at all stages of the vehicle design. This enables the designer to study both the integration of the braking system with the full vehicle equipment and the interactions between electrical and mechanical braking strategies. This paper presents a generic simulation framework for the identification of thermal and wear behaviour of a mechanical braking system, based on a lumped parameter approach. The thermal behaviour of the system is coupled back to the friction coefficient between the pad and the disk to assess its effect on braking performance. Additionally, the effect of wear and temperature on the generation of airborne particles is investigated. Subsequently, experimental data collected on a real EV is used to validate and tune the previously described simulation model, following a proposed validation procedure. The instrumentation method and challenges, as well as the experimental procedure used to collect the data on a chassis dynamometer and in real-world driving conditions, are described. Finally, simulation results for different driving scenarios are used to compare virtual and experimental results.

show abstract

Performance evaluation of regenerative braking systems

Cited by 19 publications

References 41 publications

Characterisation of road-dust sediment in urban systems: a review of a global challenge

Characterisation of road-dust sediment in urban systems: a review of a global challenge

Critical review on optimal regenerative braking control system architecture, calibration parameters and development challenges for EVs

Modeling and Identification of an Electric Vehicle Braking System: Thermal and Tribology Phenomena Assessment

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About