“…Docker-container-based hosts had the fastest boot time and the best overall performance, with the exception of network bandwidth. Potdar et al [26] evaluated the performance of Docker containers and VMs using standard benchmark tools, such as Sysbench, Phoronix, and Apache benchmark, in terms of CPU performance, memory throughput, storage read/write performance, load test, and operation speed measurement. Ventre et al [27] investigated the performance of the instantiation process of micro-virtualized network functions for open-source virtual infrastructure managers, such as OpenStack Nova and Nomad, on the Xen virtualization platform.…”