Performance characterisation of a commercial-scale wind turbine operating in an urban environment, using real data

Cooney, Ciaran; Byrne, Raymond; Lyons, W. Berry; O'Rourke, Fergal

doi:10.1016/j.esd.2016.11.001

Cited by 43 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The economical point of view was analysed in Cooney et al [66]. Small wind turbines installed on building roofs appear to be a suitable choice due to the proximity to the energy demand area, in contrast with distant traditional wind parks with their high costs caused by capital investments and power network integration (accounting for approximately 80% of the total project lifetime cost).…”

Section: Wind Powermentioning

confidence: 99%

RES Implementation in Urban Areas: An Updated Overview

Delponte

Schenone

2020

Sustainability

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In the past, national energy planning guided the development of a central program for infrastructure investment over a defined time period. However, in the current geopolitical context, environmental damage, fossil fuel depletion, and territorial imbalance caused by the centralised energy model are all factors that require a change of energy structure, establishing actions to invest in energy diversification, and solid commitment to local renewable energies. This also implies an enhancement of the role played by local bodies, and particularly by municipalities, in achieving the targets of the Kyoto Protocol and now of the Paris Agreement, because renewable sources need to be studied, applied, and exploited at the local scale. Within this framework, this paper is organized as an overview on the promotion and implementation of the major RES technologies in the deployment of the new energy paradigm at the urban scale, taking into account multiple targets. A survey of existing literature underlines how the RES topic is mostly approached as a problem of energy supply and implementation of technology, but actual sustainability in terms of a social development process and improvement of quality of life by residents is often neglected. Then, this overview stimulated the authors to highlight three main critical issues and gaps and support the need of an all-encompassing approach as a final recommendation for a general RES urban planning advancement.

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Section: Wind Powermentioning

confidence: 99%

RES Implementation in Urban Areas: An Updated Overview

Delponte

Schenone

2020

Sustainability

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“…These profiles are rare instances which only comprise a few percent of the profile cases, and their low wind speeds make them even less relevant for wind energy applications. In the remaining profile categories, the mean wind speed is for the offshore sites well above a 25 typical cut-in speed of 4-5 m/s, making them relevant in wind energy extraction (Cooney et al, 2017). At the coastal sites Skipheia and Valsneset the mean wind speed of the abnormal profiles lies in the approximate region of typical cut-in wind speeds, at the semi-coastal site Høvsøre and the inland forested site Ryningsnäs the mean wind speed in the abnormal profiles is however seen to decrease to below typical cut-in speeds.…”

Section: Correlation To Wind Speedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing Abnormalities in Onshore and Offshore Vertical Wind Profiles

Møller¹,

Domagalski²,

Sætran³

2019

Preprint

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Understanding the vertical wind profile is paramount for design & operation of wind turbines. It is needed not only for extrapolation of the wind velocity to hub height but also for structural load calculations, to name the most obvious issues.As wind turbines grow in size and development transitions offshore, issues such as shallow surface layers, low-level jets and internal boundary layers are raising questions to the applicability of the commonly used Monin-Obukhov similarity theory to accurately describe the vertical wind development to modern wind turbine hub heights. In this study the 10-minute averaged 5 vertical wind profile up to a minimum elevation of 100m is analyzed through measurements collected from seven sites which represent a span of conditions. Three sites are located offshore in the North/Baltic Sea with varying fetch, two onshore by the Norwegian coast, one further onshore by the Danish coast, and one is an inland forested site in Sweden. Through analysis of data series ranging from 8 months to several years depending on the site, the wind profile has been quantitatively categorized according to the number of exhibited local maxima which are not possible within Monin-Obukhov similarity theory. The 10 results reveal that the occurrence of local maxima scales inversely to the roughness length, causing 65−75% abnormal profiles offshore which decreases as the location transitions from offshore to coastal to further inland, and is lowest at the forested site.The results indicate that issues in predicting the vertical wind profile are most prevalent offshore, where very stable inflections cause severe deviations which may be related to an offshore internal boundary layer. These findings suggest that there is evident need of an improved vertical wind profile description in order to improve the accuracy of power predictions and load 15 calculations, especially at offshore and coastal sites.

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“…These profiles are rare instances which are only comprise a few percent of the profile cases, and their low wind speeds make them even less relevant for wind energy applications. In the remaining profile categories, the mean wind speed is for the offshore sites well above a typical cut-in speed of 4-5 m/s, making them relevant in wind energy extraction (Cooney et al, 2017). At the coastal sites sites Skipheia and Valsneset the mean wind speed of the abnormal profiles lies in the approximate region of typical cut-in wind speeds, at the semi-coastal site Høvsøre and the inland forested site Ryningsnäs the mean wind speed in the abnormal profiles is however seen to decrease to below typical cut-in speeds.…”

Section: Correlation To Wind Speedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reply to Anonymous Referee 1

Møller¹

2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Understanding the vertical wind profile is paramount for design & operation of wind turbines. It is needed not only for extrapolation of the wind velocity to hub height but also for structural load calculations, to name the most obvious issues. As wind turbines grow in size and development transitions offshore, issues such as shallow surface layers, low-level jets and internal boundary layers are raising questions to the applicability of the commonly used Monin-Obukhov similarity theory to accurately describe the vertical wind development to modern wind turbine hub heights. In this study the 10-minute averaged vertical wind profile up to a minimum elevation of 100m is analyzed through measurements collected from seven sites which represent a span of conditions. Three sites are located offshore in the North/Baltic Sea with varying fetch, two onshore by the Norwegian coast, one further onshore by the Danish coast, and one is an inland forested site in Sweden. Through analysis of data series ranging from 8 months to several years depending on the site, the wind profile has been quantitatively categorized according to the number of exhibited local maxima which are not possible within Monin-Obukhov similarity theory. The results reveal that the occurrence of local maxima scales inversely to the roughness length, causing 65 75% abnormal profiles offshore which decreases as the location transitions from offshore to coastal to further inland, and is lowest at the forested site. The results indicate that issues in predicting the vertical wind profile are most prevalent offshore, where very stable inflections cause severe deviations which may be related to an offshore internal boundary layer. These findings suggest that there is evident need of an improved vertical wind profile description in order to improve the accuracy of power predictions and load calculations, especially at offshore and coastal sites.

show abstract

Performance characterisation of a commercial-scale wind turbine operating in an urban environment, using real data

Cited by 43 publications

References 35 publications

RES Implementation in Urban Areas: An Updated Overview

RES Implementation in Urban Areas: An Updated Overview

Comparing Abnormalities in Onshore and Offshore Vertical Wind Profiles

Reply to Anonymous Referee 1

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