Performance and mapping of direct injection diesel engine using waste cooking oil biodiesel fuel

Abstract

Engine performance and mapping were done using diesel and used cooking oil biodiesel fuels. This was done using the Tempest, 1500 cc compression ignition engine testbed. This engine is connected to a dynamometer testbed and its control panel to measure the needed performance parameters. The crankshaft speed varied between 35 and 60 rps, while the load tested from no load to full load. The engine speed according to the manufacturer should not exceed 60 rps. The coolant temperature remained almost constant at around 70 o C. The experimental results were then utilized to adjust the engine simulation model using the Diesel-RK software. Results showed that improvement in engine operation with diesel is slightly compared with that of biodiesel fuel. It was also found that the combustion process with biodiesel starts earlier during the mixing phase than diesel fuel. The primary results showed that using potassium hydroxide as a catalyst, the biodiesel yielded 45% more compared with sodium hydroxide, 5% higher calorific value, and 10% lower viscosity. From mapping point of view, the results showed that biofuel has a lower thermal efficiency than the regular diesel. A diesel-powered engine has the lowest fuel consumption of around 250-300 g/kWh at the relatively higher power and mean effective pressure values. While for the biodiesel fuels this is around 350 g/kWh at relatively lower engine speeds, power, and mean effective cylinder pressure. From heat release rate point of view, biodiesel burns earlier than diesel fuel due to higher cetane number and reduced delay periods, on cylinder pressure and temperatures, for the ignition timing and engine-operating parameters, diesel shows better performance than biodiesel for high and half loads.

Potential of Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel as Renewable Fuel in Combustion Engines: A Review

“…Yesilyurt et al [18] revealed that EGT value decreases for B20 (20% biodiesel, 80% diesel fuel) compared to petroleum diesel. Yamin et al [56] reported a decrease for 100% biodiesel (B100), and Muralidharan et al [32] reported an increase for B40. The EGT value increases with the increase in engine load for a specific fuel, as more fuel is burnt to compensate for the extra required power.…”

“…EGT value increases the WCO biodiesel amount within a range of 50% to 100% mix in the diesel as the heating value decreases [57,58]. The reason behind this reduction in EGT at higher CR is the lower calorific value and shorter ignition delay, hence the low temperature after compression stroke (peak cylinder temperature) and the performance increase by lower exhaust losses [56].…”

Comparison of NOx for Diesel and Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel

“…Engine when fueled with diesel, fuel consumption was low of about 250-300 g/kWh at mean effective pressure value and higher power but for biodiesel the fuel consumption was 350 g/kWh at low engine speed, mean cylinder pressure and power. Biodiesel has higher cetane number so it burns earlier than diesel [5]. Mohammed S. Edam.…”