Performance Analysis of A Spark Ignition Engine Using Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) as Fuel

Abstract

Compress natural gas (CNG) is also considered as alternative fuel to produce better emission in a vehicle, but the main disadvantage of CNG in comparison to liquid fuel (gasoline) is the lack of power produced for the same capacity of engine. In this study, the single cylinder spark ignition (SI) engine was selected in order to study the effect CNG into the spark ignition engine. The hydraulic dynamometer was used to study the performance of CNG and liquid fuel. The usage of sensor also applies to the test to extract the data during the ignition stage for liquid fuel and CNG. The heat generated by both types of fuel also had been extracted from the tested engine in order to define which usage of fuel would cause a higher heat transfer to the engine. From this study, the result showed that pressure inside cylinder for CNG is 20% less than gasoline. CNG fuel also produced 23% less heat transfer rate compared to gasoline. The results explained why CNG produced 18.5% lower power compared to liquid fuel (gasoline).So, some improvement needs to be done in order to use CNG as fuel.

Uji Performa Mesin Bensin dengan Sistem Injeksi Berbahan Bakar HCNG

“…Penggunaan CNG sebagai salah satu alternatif terbarukan pengganti bahan bakar untuk mesin bensin sudah diterapkan secara massive dan terbukti dapat dipakai tanpa kendala terhadap komponen mesin Kelebihan utama dari penggunaan CNG sebagai bahan bakar spark ignition engine adalah dapat menurunkan emisi gas hasil pembakaran dari motor bakar. Akan tetapi jika ditinjau dari performa mesin, mesin bensin dengan retorfit CNG mempunyai daya keluaran yang lebih rendah [3][4][5][6][7][8]. Hal ini karena sifat CNG yang sulit terbakar pada kondisi miskin bahan bakar dan kecepatan pembakaran yang rendah [9].…”

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“…Namun demikian, tidak ada jaminan komposisi secara pasti pada setiap produk CNG karena sangat bergantung pada lokasi dimana gas alam sebagai bahan dasarnya diperoleh, seperti yang ada dalam sebuah artikel yang dipublikasikan oleh Tahir dkk. [20].…”

Influence of high compression ratio and excess air ratio on performance and emissions of natural gas fuelled spark ignition engine

“…Engine operation with NG results in some advantages compared to the operation with gasoline fuel, but also with some disadvantages. In [4] authors showed that the SI engine fuelled with NG produces 18.5% less power compared to the gasoline due to the lower volumetric efficiency, which is caused by the fact that NG has lower molar mass and therefore displaces more air in the intake port. Comparison between NG and gasoline in retrofitted gasoline vehicle (CR = 9.2) is given in [5].…”