Perfil de recém-nascidos pré-termo internados na unidade de terapia intensiva de hospital de alta complexidade

Abstract

resumo introdução: A pesquisa epidemiológica consiste em alicerce para avanços nos cuidados da saúde. Nacionalmente, os estudos sobre caracterização de diferentes populações não são frequentes, principalmente no que concerne aos recém-nascidos pré-termo (RNPT). objetivo: Caracterizar RNPT atendidos na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) Neonatal do Hospital Estadual Mário Covas de Santo André (SP) pelo delineamento gestacional, perinatal e período de internação. métodos: Trata-se de estudo transversal descritivo. Foram analisados 218 prontuários de todos os pacientes atendidos pelo serviço de fisioterapia no período de 2008 a 2011 e, então, delimitada a amostra consecutiva com 81 deles, que seguiram os critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Os dados foram organizados e tabulados pelo programa SPSS v.17.0. O teste do χ 2 foi utilizado para comparar as frequências de complicações neonatais. resultados: As genitoras tinham idade média de 25,7 anos; destas, 68,6% realizaram pré-natal. As intercorrências gestacionais foram observadas em 37,3% (as infecções do trato urinário foram as mais comuns, em 28%). A média do peso ao nascimento foi 1.478,6 g, e a de idade gestacional, de 30,8 semanas. O tempo médio de internação dos RNPT foi de 36 dias. As patologias respiratórias ocorreram em 93,8%, sendo o desconforto respiratório precoce a mais comum (95,2%). RNPT que necessitaram de ventilação mecânica foram 97,6% e as patologias neurológicas foram menos frequentes (9,87%). Conclusão: As complicações respiratórias foram frequentes nessa população e associadas significantemente com idade gestacional inferior a 32 semanas. Longos períodos de internação após o nascimento estão intimamente relacionados com baixo peso e idade gestacional ao nascimento.Palavras-chave: trabalho de parto prematuro; prematuro; doenças do prematuro. AbstrACt introduction:Epidemiological research consists of foundation for advances in health care. Nationally, studies on characterization of different populations are not common, especially in relation to newborn preterm infants (PTI). objective: Characterize the newborn preterm infants attended in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the Hospital Estadual Mário Covas in Santo André the delineation of the breast profile, gestational, perinatal and period of hospitalization. methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. We analyzed 218 medical records of all patients seen by the physiotherapy service from 2008 to 2011 and then bounded to the consecutive sample of 81 of them, which followed the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data were organized and tabulated with SPSS v.17.0 program. The chi-square test was used to compare the frequency of neonatal complications. results: The mothers had a mean age of 25.7 years, and 68.6% received prenatal care. The pregnancy complications were observed in 37.3%, with the most common urinary tract infections in 28%. The mean birth weight was 1478.6 g and gestational age of 30.8 weeks. The average length of stay of preterm infants was 36 days. Respiratory disorders...

Epidemiological profile of newborns´ mothers admitted to a public neonatal unit

“…The results of this study in the gestational intercurrences are in line with another study (15) conducted in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. In the research, it was demonstrated that most of the mothers had gestational intercurrences, with the Specific Hypertensive Disease of the Gestation and the Infection of the Urinary Tract as the most prevalent.…”

“…It should be noted that most babies in this study were male, as was observed in studies performed in other neonatal units (8,15) . Regarding the diagnosis/indications of hospitalization of the newborn in the neonatal unit, the results of this study are in line with another research carried out in a Unit of Neonatal Intensive Care of Southern Brazil, which also demonstrated that the main reasons for hospitalization of the newborn preterm infants, low weight and respiratory discomfort (7) .…”

Identificação da gravidade e do uso de intervenções em recém-nascidos com asfixia perinatal

“…Regarding the hospitalization variables, the meantime in the neonatal intensive care unit was 17.1 days, lower than in another study (36 days) (9) . However, mean hospital admission was 42.2 days, showing a statistically significant relationship, when associa-ted with the NTISS value (p=0.047), allowing to infer that the NTISS value influences the length of hospitalization.…”

Identification of risk factors in infants participating in a Follow-up program

“…Mean weight at birth was 1,888.8g, and mean gestational age was 33 weeks, like those of other studies 12,13 . With low weight and gestational age being the main risk characteristics, they are indicted as the most important variables closely related to long periods of hospitalization of the newborn 13,14 .…”