Fibromyalgia is a chronic pain syndrome that is associated with maladaptive plasticity in neural central circuits. One of the neural circuits that are involved in pain in fibromyalgia is the primary motor cortex. We tested a combination intervention that aimed to modulate the motor system: transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of the primary motor cortex (M1) and aerobic exercise (AE). In this phase II, sham-controlled randomized clinical trial, 45 subjects were assigned to 1 of 3 groups: tDCS + AE, AE only, and tDCS only. The following outcomes were assessed: intensity of pain, level of anxiety, quality of life, mood, pressure pain threshold, and cortical plasticity, as indexed by transcranial magnetic stimulation. There was a significant effect for the group-time interaction for intensity of pain, demonstrating that tDCS/AE was superior to AE [F = (13, 364) 2.25, p = 0.007] and tDCS [F = (13, 364) 2.33, p = 0.0056] alone. Post-hoc adjusted analysis showed a difference between tDCS/AE and tDCS group after the first week of stimulation and after 1 month intervention period (p = 0.02 and p = 0.03, respectively). Further, after treatment there was a significant difference between groups in anxiety and mood levels. The combination treatment effected the greatest response. The three groups had no differences regarding responses in motor cortex plasticity, as assessed by TMS. The combination of tDCS with aerobic exercise is superior compared with each individual intervention (cohen's d effect sizes > 0.55). The combination intervention had a significant effect on pain, anxiety and mood. Based on the similar effects on cortical plasticity outcomes, the combination intervention might have affected other neural circuits, such as those that control the affective-emotional aspects of pain. Trial registration: (www.ClinicalTrials.gov), identifier NTC02358902.

resumo introdução: A pesquisa epidemiológica consiste em alicerce para avanços nos cuidados da saúde. Nacionalmente, os estudos sobre caracterização de diferentes populações não são frequentes, principalmente no que concerne aos recém-nascidos pré-termo (RNPT). objetivo: Caracterizar RNPT atendidos na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) Neonatal do Hospital Estadual Mário Covas de Santo André (SP) pelo delineamento gestacional, perinatal e período de internação. métodos: Trata-se de estudo transversal descritivo. Foram analisados 218 prontuários de todos os pacientes atendidos pelo serviço de fisioterapia no período de 2008 a 2011 e, então, delimitada a amostra consecutiva com 81 deles, que seguiram os critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Os dados foram organizados e tabulados pelo programa SPSS v.17.0. O teste do χ 2 foi utilizado para comparar as frequências de complicações neonatais. resultados: As genitoras tinham idade média de 25,7 anos; destas, 68,6% realizaram pré-natal. As intercorrências gestacionais foram observadas em 37,3% (as infecções do trato urinário foram as mais comuns, em 28%). A média do peso ao nascimento foi 1.478,6 g, e a de idade gestacional, de 30,8 semanas. O tempo médio de internação dos RNPT foi de 36 dias. As patologias respiratórias ocorreram em 93,8%, sendo o desconforto respiratório precoce a mais comum (95,2%). RNPT que necessitaram de ventilação mecânica foram 97,6% e as patologias neurológicas foram menos frequentes (9,87%). Conclusão: As complicações respiratórias foram frequentes nessa população e associadas significantemente com idade gestacional inferior a 32 semanas. Longos períodos de internação após o nascimento estão intimamente relacionados com baixo peso e idade gestacional ao nascimento.Palavras-chave: trabalho de parto prematuro; prematuro; doenças do prematuro. AbstrACt introduction:Epidemiological research consists of foundation for advances in health care. Nationally, studies on characterization of different populations are not common, especially in relation to newborn preterm infants (PTI). objective: Characterize the newborn preterm infants attended in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the Hospital Estadual Mário Covas in Santo André the delineation of the breast profile, gestational, perinatal and period of hospitalization. methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. We analyzed 218 medical records of all patients seen by the physiotherapy service from 2008 to 2011 and then bounded to the consecutive sample of 81 of them, which followed the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data were organized and tabulated with SPSS v.17.0 program. The chi-square test was used to compare the frequency of neonatal complications. results: The mothers had a mean age of 25.7 years, and 68.6% received prenatal care. The pregnancy complications were observed in 37.3%, with the most common urinary tract infections in 28%. The mean birth weight was 1478.6 g and gestational age of 30.8 weeks. The average length of stay of preterm infants was 36 days. Respiratory disorders...

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Background: Gait deficit is a major complaint in patients after stroke, restricting certain activities of daily living. Photobiomodulation therapy combined with a static magnetic field (PBMT-SMF) has been studied for several diseases, and the two therapies are beneficia. However, their combination has not yet been evaluated in stroke. Therefore, for PBMT–SMF to be used more often and become an adjunctive tool in the rehabilitation of stroke survivors at physical therapy rehabilitation centers and clinics, some important aspects need to be clarified. Purpose: This study aimed to test different doses of PBMT–SMF, to identify the ideal dose to cause immediate effects on the spatiotemporal and kinematic variables of gait in post-stroke patients. Methods: A randomized, triple-blinded, placebo-controlled crossover pilot study was performed. A total of 10 individuals with hemiparesis within 6 months to 5 years since the occurrence of stroke, aged 45–60 years, were included in the study. Participants were randomly assigned and treated with a single PBMT–SMF dose (sham, 10 J, 30 J, or 50 J) on a single application, with one dose per stage at 7-day intervals between stages. PBMT–SMF was applied with a cluster of 12 diodes (4 of 905 nm laser, 4 of 875 nm LEDs, and 4 of 640 nm LEDs, SMF of 35 mT) at 17 sites on both lower limbs after baseline evaluation: plantar flexors (2), knee extensors (9), and flexors (6). The primary outcome was self-selected walking speed, and the secondary outcomes were kinematic parameters. Gait analysis was performed using SMART-D 140® and SMART-D INTEGRATED WORKSTATION®. The outcomes were measured at the end of each stage after the single application of each PBMT–SMF dose tested. Results: No significant differences (p > 0.05) in spatiotemporal variables were observed between the different doses, compared with the baseline evaluation. However, differences (p < 0.05) were observed in the kinematic variable of the hip in the paretic and non-paretic limbs, specifically in the minimum flexion/extension angulation during the support phase (HMST–MIN) in doses 10 J, 30 J, and 50 J. Conclusions: A single application of PBMT–SMF at doses of 10 J, 30 J, and 50 J per site of the lower limbs did not demonstrate positive effects on the spatiotemporal variables, but it promoted immediate effects in the kinematic variables of the hip (maximum and minimum flexion/extension angulation during the support phase) in the paretic and non-paretic limbs in post-stroke people.

Introdução: Os programas de acompanhamento do desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor (DNPM) possibilitam a identificação precoce de sinais de lesão neurológica. Objetivos: Descrever os resultados do acompanhamento do DNPM de recém-nascidos pré-termo, segundo o Teste de Desenvolvimento Denver II. Métodos: Foram analisados 48 prontuários de lactentes do Hospital Mário Covas de Santo André/SP. A pontuação final do teste foi classificada como normal, suspeito e atraso do desenvolvimento. Também foram analisados fatores de risco para esse atraso. Resultados: Apenas 35 (72,9%) foram avaliados até o quarto mês, e oito (16,6%) realizaram o acompanhamento até o final. Dentre os primeiros (n = 35), dez (28%) apresentaram atraso no desenvolvimento nas duas primeiras avaliações e apenas cinco (14%) persistiram na última. Levando-se em consideração todos os participantes (n = 48), cinco (10,4%) foram encaminhados para intervenção fisioterapêutica. Quanto aos fatores de risco analisados, obtiveram associação significante com atraso a presença de lesão cerebral no ultrassom transfontanela, peso ao nascimento < 1500 g e idade gestacional inferior a 32 semanas. Conclusão: Conclui-se que o perfil de desempenho no Teste Denver II dos participantes do programa de acompanhamento aqui delimitado é similar ao descrito em diversas publicações, principalmente em âmbito nacional.Palavras-chave: prematuro, fisioterapia, desenvolvimento infantil, fatores de risco.

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